Borja-Cabrera G P, Correia Pontes N N, da Silva V O, Paraguai de Souza E, Santos W R, Gomes E M, Luz K G, Palatnik M, Palatnik de Sousa C B
Instituto de Microbiologia, Prof. Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), CCS, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Caixa Postal 68040, CEP 21941-590, Brazil.
Vaccine. 2002 Sep 10;20(27-28):3277-84. doi: 10.1016/s0264-410x(02)00294-3.
Naturally exposed dogs of an endemic area were vaccinated with the fucose mannose ligand (FML) antigen of Leishmania donovani in formulation with QuilA saponin. The 100% of vaccinees were seropositive to FML and showed intradermal reaction to L. donovani lysate, 2 months after vaccination. The absorbency values and size of intradermal reaction were both significantly higher in vaccinees than in controls along a 3.5 years period (ANOVA, P<0.0001). The 25% of the control animals (two dogs on the first year and six dogs on the fourth year, respectively) and 5% of the vaccinees (one dog during the fourth year) developed clinical and fatal disease until the end of experiment. This difference was significant (chi(2)=3.93, P<0.05). This means that 95% protection against kala-azar was achieved in vaccinees, after FML-QuilA vaccination (80% of vaccine efficacy (VE)). Leishmania infection was also confirmed, 3.5 years after vaccination, in saline controls that showed positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Leishmania DNA and FML-serology with no intradermal reaction. Higher seropositivities and intradermal reactions with no Leishmanial DNA were detected in vaccinees. The FML-QuilA vaccine induced a significant, long lasting and strong protective effect against canine kala-azar in the field.
在流行地区自然暴露的犬只接种了与QuilA皂苷配制成制剂的杜氏利什曼原虫岩藻糖甘露糖配体（FML）抗原。接种疫苗2个月后，100%的接种者对FML呈血清阳性，且对杜氏利什曼原虫裂解物有皮内反应。在3.5年的时间里，接种者的吸光度值和皮内反应大小均显著高于对照组（方差分析，P<0.0001）。直到实验结束，25%的对照动物（第一年两只狗，第四年六只狗）和5%的接种者（第四年一只狗）出现了临床和致命疾病。这种差异具有统计学意义（χ²=3.93，P<0.05）。这意味着在接种FML - QuilA疫苗后，接种者对黑热病的保护率达到了95%（疫苗效力（VE）为80%）。在接种疫苗3.5年后，在生理盐水对照组中也证实了利什曼原虫感染，这些对照组的利什曼原虫DNA聚合酶链反应（PCR）呈阳性且FML血清学呈阳性，但无皮内反应。在接种者中检测到更高的血清阳性率和无利什曼原虫DNA的皮内反应。FML - QuilA疫苗在野外对犬黑热病诱导了显著、持久且强大的保护作用。
