Kessler André, Baldwin Ian T
Department of Molecular Ecology, Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena 07745, Germany.
Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2002;53:299-328. doi: 10.1146/annurev.arplant.53.100301.135207.
Plants respond to herbivore attack with a bewildering array of responses, broadly categorized as direct and indirect defenses, and tolerance. Plant-herbivore interactions are played out on spatial scales that include the cellular responses, well-studied in plant-pathogen interactions, as well as responses that function at whole-plant and community levels. The plant's wound response plays a central role but is frequently altered by insect-specific elicitors, giving plants the potential to optimize their defenses. In this review, we emphasize studies that advance the molecular understanding of elicited direct and indirect defenses and include verifications with insect bioassays. Large-scale transcriptional changes accompany insect-induced resistance, which is organized into specific temporal and spatial patterns and points to the existence of herbivore-specific trans-activating elements orchestrating the responses. Such organizational elements could help elucidate the molecular control over the diversity of responses elicited by herbivore attack.
植物对食草动物的攻击会产生一系列令人眼花缭乱的反应，大致可分为直接防御、间接防御和耐受性。植物与食草动物的相互作用发生在不同的空间尺度上，包括在植物与病原体相互作用中得到充分研究的细胞反应，以及在整株植物和群落水平上起作用的反应。植物的伤口反应起着核心作用，但常常会被昆虫特异性激发子改变，这使植物有潜力优化其防御。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了那些增进对诱导产生的直接和间接防御的分子理解的研究，并包括通过昆虫生物测定进行的验证。昆虫诱导的抗性伴随着大规模的转录变化，这种变化被组织成特定的时间和空间模式，这表明存在食草动物特异性的反式激活元件来协调这些反应。这样的组织元件有助于阐明对食草动物攻击引发的反应多样性的分子控制。
