Friedlander A M, Welkos S L, Ivins B E
U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2002;271:33-60. doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-05767-4_3.
The only impetus for the development of new anthrax vaccines is to protect humans against the intentional use of Bacillus anthracis as a bioterrorist or warfare agent. Live attenuated vaccines against anthrax in domesticated animals were among the very first vaccines developed. This was followed by the development of nonliving component vaccines leading to the eventual licensure of protein-based vaccines for human use in the 1970s. This chapter will review the recent advances in developing protein, live attenuated, and genetic vaccines against anthrax.
开发新型炭疽疫苗的唯一动力是保护人类免受炭疽杆菌作为生物恐怖或战争制剂的蓄意使用。针对家畜的减毒活炭疽疫苗是最早开发的疫苗之一。随后开发了非活性成分疫苗，最终在20世纪70年代批准了用于人类的基于蛋白质的疫苗。本章将综述针对炭疽的蛋白质疫苗、减毒活疫苗和基因疫苗开发的最新进展。
