Dale Naomi, Sonksen Patricia
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust/Institute of Child Health (University College London), UK.
Dev Med Child Neurol. 2002 Sep;44(9):613-22. doi: 10.1017/s0012162201002651.
This study retrospectively investigated the developmental perspective of 69 children (40 males, 29 females) with 'potentially simple' congenital disorders of the peripheral visual system: development was examined in the context of degree of visual impairment. Developmental and visual assessments were carried out at 10 to 16 months (Time 1) and 27 to 54 months of age (Time 2). Participants were grouped according to (1) visual status: profound visual impairment (PVI), severe visual impairment (SVI); (2) developmental status on the Reynell-Zinkin scales. A majority of the sample showed normal development on all subscales (62% Time 1, 57% Time 2). Those with PVI were more developmentally vulnerable than SVI with a greater incidence of (1) uneven developmental profile at Time 1 (48% PVI, 16% SVI); (2) global learning difficulties at Time 2 (37% PVI, 0% SVI); (3) delay on individual subscales at Time 2 (p<0.02 PVI versus SVI); (4) deceleration (verbal comprehension 74% PVI, 24% SVI, sensorimotor understanding 70% PVI, 27% SVI); and (5) severe developmental setback (33% PVI, 7% SVI). Risk factors of visual level, age, and sex for poor developmental outcome in infants with visual impairment were established.
本研究回顾性调查了69名患有“潜在单纯性”外周视觉系统先天性疾病儿童（40名男性，29名女性）的发育情况：在视力损害程度的背景下对发育情况进行了检查。在10至16个月（时间1）和27至54个月龄（时间2）时进行了发育和视力评估。参与者根据以下因素分组：（1）视力状况：深度视力损害（PVI）、重度视力损害（SVI）；（2）雷诺尔-津金量表上的发育状况。大多数样本在所有子量表上显示发育正常（时间1为62%，时间2为57%）。与SVI相比，PVI患者在发育方面更易出现问题，具体表现为：（1）时间1时发育不均衡的发生率更高（PVI为48%，SVI为16%）；（2）时间2时存在整体学习困难（PVI为37%，SVI为0%）；（3）时间2时个别子量表延迟（PVI与SVI相比，p<0.02）；（4）发育减速（语言理解方面，PVI为74%，SVI为24%；感觉运动理解方面，PVI为70%，SVI为27%）；以及（5）严重发育挫折（PVI为33%，SVI为7%）。确定了视力水平、年龄和性别对视力受损婴儿发育不良结局的风险因素。
