Page A, Morrell S, Taylor R
School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2002 Oct;56(10):766-72. doi: 10.1136/jech.56.10.766.
Australia has had a two party parliamentary political system for most of the period since its Federation in 1901, dominated either by a social democratic (Labor) or a conservative ideological perspective. This paper investigates whether such political differences at Federal and State levels have influenced suicide rates in the state of New South Wales (NSW) for the period 1901-1998.
Federal government type, NSW State government type, and combinations of both Federal and NSW State government type were examined. Poisson regression models were stratified by sex and controlled for the effects of age, annual change in gross domestic product, sedative availability, drought, and both world wars.
When both Federal and NSW State governments were conservative the relative risk of suicide for NSW men was 1.17 (p<0.001) and for women 1.40 (p<0.001) compared with both governments being Labor (1.00). A statistically significant linear trend (p<0.001) in suicide risk was evident across the continuum of Federal/State government combinations, from both Labor (lowest), to mixed (intermediate), to both conservative (highest).
Significantly higher suicide risk was associated with conservative government tenures compared with social democratic incumbents. Results are discussed in terms of the differences underpinning conservative and social democratic government programme ideology, and their relevance to Durkheim's theories of suicide, social regulation, and integration.
自1901年联邦成立以来的大部分时间里，澳大利亚实行两党议会政治制度，由社会民主（工党）或保守意识形态视角主导。本文调查了1901年至1998年期间，联邦和州层面的这种政治差异是否影响了新南威尔士州（NSW）的自杀率。
研究了联邦政府类型、新南威尔士州政府类型以及联邦和新南威尔士州政府类型的组合。泊松回归模型按性别分层，并控制了年龄、国内生产总值年变化、镇静剂可获得性、干旱以及两次世界大战的影响。
与两届政府均为工党（相对风险为1.00）相比，当联邦和新南威尔士州政府均为保守派时，新南威尔士州男性自杀的相对风险为1.17（p<0.001），女性为1.40（p<0.001）。在联邦/州政府组合的连续区间内，从两届政府均为工党（最低）到混合（中间）再到两届政府均为保守派（最高），自杀风险呈现出具有统计学意义的线性趋势（p<0.001）。
与社会民主派执政相比，保守派执政期间自杀风险显著更高。研究结果根据保守派和社会民主派政府计划意识形态的差异及其与涂尔干自杀理论、社会规范和整合的相关性进行了讨论。
