Chattopadhyay Debprasad, Arunachalam G, Mandal Asit B, Sur Tapas K, Mandal Subash C, Bhattacharya S K
ICMR Virus Unit Calcutta, I.D. and B.G. Hospital, GB 4, 57 Dr. Suresh Chandra Banerjee Road, Beliaghata, Kolkata, India.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2002 Oct;82(2-3):229-37. doi: 10.1016/s0378-8741(02)00165-4.
Since ages Mallotus peltatus (Geist) Muell. Arg. var acuminatus (Euphorbiaceae) leaf and stem bark is used in folk medicine to cure intestinal ailments and skin infections. In several intestinal ailments, localized inflammation is of common occurrence and hence we have evaluated the antimicrobial as well as anti-inflammatory activity of M. peltatus leaf extract. The crude methanol extract of M. peltatus leaves was found to be active against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis and the dermatophytic fungi Microsporum gypseum. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranges from 128 to 2000 microg ml(-1) for bacteria and 128 mg ml(-1) for fungi, while the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was 2-4-fold higher than MIC. The methanol-water fraction of the extract showed similar activity against Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus and Proteus isolates. The anti-inflammatory activity of the extract against carrageenan (acute model) and dextran-induced (subacute model) rat paw oedema and cotton pellet-induced granuloma (chronic model) in rats were studied using indomethacin (10 mg kg(-1)), a nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug, as standard. The methanol extract at 200 and 400 mg kg(-1), and the n-butanol fractions A and B at 25 mg kg(-1), exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity in Albino rats, compared with indomethacin. Phytochemical study revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, terpenoids, steroids and reducing sugars in the crude extract while the n-butanol fractions showed the presence of ursolic acid, beta-sitosterol and some fatty acids as major compounds. Further study with fractions showed that the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity is due to either fraction A (ursolic acid) alone or the combination of fractions A and B (beta-sitosterol and fatty acids) of the extract.
长久以来，盾叶野桐（Geist）Muell. Arg. 变种尖叶野桐（大戟科）的叶和茎皮在民间医学中被用于治疗肠道疾病和皮肤感染。在多种肠道疾病中，局部炎症较为常见，因此我们评估了盾叶野桐叶提取物的抗菌和抗炎活性。盾叶野桐叶的粗甲醇提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、腐生葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌、奇异变形杆菌以及皮肤癣菌石膏样小孢子菌具有活性。细菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）范围为128至2000微克/毫升，真菌的最低抑菌浓度为128毫克/毫升，而最低杀菌浓度（MBC）比MIC高2至4倍。提取物的甲醇 - 水部分对葡萄球菌、链球菌、芽孢杆菌和变形杆菌分离株表现出相似的活性。以非甾体抗炎药吲哚美辛（10毫克/千克）为标准，研究了该提取物对角叉菜胶（急性模型）和葡聚糖诱导（亚急性模型）的大鼠爪肿胀以及棉球诱导的大鼠肉芽肿（慢性模型）的抗炎活性。与吲哚美辛相比，200和400毫克/千克的甲醇提取物以及25毫克/千克的正丁醇部分A和B在白化大鼠中表现出显著的抗炎活性。植物化学研究表明，粗提取物中存在单宁、皂苷、萜类、甾体和还原糖，而正丁醇部分显示出熊果酸、β - 谷甾醇和一些脂肪酸作为主要化合物。对各部分的进一步研究表明，抗菌和抗炎活性要么单独归因于部分A（熊果酸），要么归因于提取物的部分A和B（β - 谷甾醇和脂肪酸）的组合。
