Heise L L
Violence Against Women. 1998 Jun;4(3):262-90. doi: 10.1177/1077801298004003002.
This article encourages the widespread adoption of an integrated, ecological framework for understanding the origins of gender-based violence. An ecological approach to abuse conceptualizes violence as a multifaceted phenomenon grounded in an interplay among personal, situational, and sociocultural factors. Although drawing on the conceptual advances of earlier theorists, this article goes beyond their work in three significant ways. First, it uses the ecological framework as a heuristic tool to organize the existing research base into an intelligible whole. Whereas other theorists present the framework as a way to think about violence, few have attempted to establish what factors emerge as predictive of abuse at each level of the social ecology. Second, this article integrates results from international and cross-cultural research together with findings from North American social science. And finally, the framework draws from findings related to all types of physical and sexual abuse of women to encourage a more integrated approach to theory building regarding gender-based abuse.
本文鼓励广泛采用一种综合的生态框架来理解基于性别的暴力行为的根源。一种关于虐待的生态方法将暴力行为概念化为一种多方面的现象，它基于个人、情境和社会文化因素之间的相互作用。尽管借鉴了早期理论家的概念进展，但本文在三个重要方面超越了他们的工作。首先，它将生态框架用作一种启发式工具，将现有的研究基础组织成一个易于理解的整体。虽然其他理论家将该框架作为一种思考暴力行为的方式，但很少有人试图确定在社会生态的每个层面上哪些因素会成为虐待行为的预测因素。其次，本文将国际和跨文化研究的结果与北美社会科学的研究结果结合在一起。最后，该框架借鉴了与针对妇女的各种身体和性虐待相关的研究结果，以鼓励在基于性别的虐待行为的理论构建方面采取更综合的方法。
