Mäurer Mathias, Gold Ralf
Department of Neurology, Clinical Research Group for Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Curr Opin Neurol. 2002 Oct;15(5):617-22. doi: 10.1097/00019052-200210000-00013.
This article gives an overview on animal models for immune-mediated demyelinating disorders of the peripheral nervous system. As insight into human disease is mainly based on biopsy material and ex-vivo analysis, an understanding of the pathogenetic mechanism of these complex and heterogeneous disorders is mainly based on animal models.
Besides experimental autoimmune neuritis in rats, recent efforts to establish this model in mice are discussed. In addition, models for spontaneous autoimmune neuropathies and secondary immune reactions in degenerative disorders of the peripheral nervous system are reviewed.
Recently described animal models offer the possibility to analyse the complex interaction of genetic and immunological factors. The entire panel of animal models for immune-mediated disorders of the peripheral nervous system provides a rational basis for studying the mechanisms of pathogenesis and new immunotherapeutic strategies for human autoimmune demyelinating neuropathies.
本文概述了用于外周神经系统免疫介导性脱髓鞘疾病的动物模型。由于对人类疾病的了解主要基于活检材料和体外分析，因此对这些复杂且异质性疾病的发病机制的理解主要基于动物模型。
除了大鼠实验性自身免疫性神经炎外，还讨论了近期在小鼠中建立该模型的努力。此外，还综述了自发性自身免疫性神经病模型以及外周神经系统退行性疾病中的继发性免疫反应模型。
最近描述的动物模型为分析遗传和免疫因素的复杂相互作用提供了可能性。外周神经系统免疫介导性疾病的整个动物模型组为研究人类自身免疫性脱髓鞘神经病的发病机制和新的免疫治疗策略提供了合理依据。
