Vietor D M, Griffith E N, White R H, Provin T L, Muir J P, Read J C
Soil and Crop Sciences Dep., Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2474, USA.
J Environ Qual. 2002 Sep-Oct;31(5):1731-8. doi: 10.2134/jeq2002.1731.
Regulatory mandates have increased demand for best management practices (BMPs) that will reduce nutrient loading on watersheds impaired by excess manure P and N. Export of manure P and N in turfgrass sod harvests is one BMP under consideration. This study quantified amounts and percentages of P and N removed in a sod harvest for different rates of manure and inorganic P and N. Six treatments comprised an unfertilized control, two manure rates with and without supplemental inorganic N, and inorganic P and N only. The treatments were applied to 'Tifway' bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L. x C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davey), '609' buffalograss [Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.], and 'Reveille' bluegrass (Poa arachnifera Torr. x P. pratensis L.) under field conditions. Comparisons among treatments revealed small variations of P and N content in clippings and the plant component of sod, but large variations in the soil component of sod for each turf species. In addition, 2 to 10 times more P and 1.3 to 5 times more N was removed in soil than in plant components of sod for the two manure rates with and without added inorganic N. Percentages of applied P and N in harvested sod were similar for the two manure rates with and without added N for each species, but differed among turf species for each P (46 to 77%) and N (36 to 47%). The large amounts and percentages of manure P and N removed by sod harvest support the feasibility of this BMP in efforts to reduce nutrient loads on watersheds.
监管要求增加了对最佳管理实践（BMPs）的需求，这些实践将减少因过量粪肥磷和氮而受损的流域的养分负荷。草坪草皮收获中粪肥磷和氮的输出是正在考虑的一种BMP。本研究量化了不同粪肥和无机磷、氮施用量下草皮收获中去除的磷和氮的数量及百分比。六个处理包括一个未施肥的对照、两个添加和不添加无机氮的粪肥施用量，以及仅施用无机磷和氮的处理。这些处理应用于田间条件下的 “蒂夫韦” 狗牙根（Cynodon dactylon L. x C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davey）、“609” 野牛草[Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.]和 “瑞威尔” 早熟禾（Poa arachnifera Torr. x P. pratensis L.）。处理间的比较显示，草屑和草皮植物部分中磷和氮的含量变化较小，但每种草坪草种的草皮土壤部分变化较大。此外，对于添加和不添加无机氮的两种粪肥施用量，土壤中去除的磷是草皮植物部分的2至10倍，氮是1.3至5倍。对于添加和不添加氮的两种粪肥施用量，收获草皮中施用的磷和氮的百分比在每个物种中相似，但每种磷（46% 至77%）和氮（36% 至47%）在草坪草种之间存在差异。草皮收获去除的大量粪肥磷和氮支持了这种BMP在减少流域养分负荷方面的可行性。
