Hasselmo Michael E, Hay Jonathan, Ilyn Maxim, Gorchetchnikov Anatoli
Department of Psychology, Center for BioDynamics, Boston University, MA 02215, USA.
Neural Netw. 2002 Jun-Jul;15(4-6):689-707. doi: 10.1016/s0893-6080(02)00057-6.
Cholinergic and GABAergic innervation of the hippocampus plays an important role in human memory function and rat spatial navigation. Drugs which block acetylcholine receptors or enhance GABA receptor activation cause striking impairments in the encoding of new information. Lesions of the cholinergic innervation of the hippocampus reduce the amplitude of hippocampal theta rhythm and cause impairments in spatial navigation tasks, including the Morris water maze, eight-arm radial maze, spatial reversal and delayed alternation. Here, we review previous work on the role of cholinergic modulation in memory function, and we present a new model of the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex describing the interaction of these regions for goal-directed spatial navigation in behavioral tasks. These mechanisms require separate functional phases for: (1) encoding of pathways without interference from retrieval, and (2) retrieval of pathways for guiding selection of the next movement. We present analysis exploring how phasic changes in physiological variables during hippocampal theta rhythm could provide these different phases and enhance spatial navigation function.
海马体的胆碱能和γ-氨基丁酸能神经支配在人类记忆功能和大鼠空间导航中起着重要作用。阻断乙酰胆碱受体或增强γ-氨基丁酸受体激活的药物会在新信息编码方面造成显著损害。海马体胆碱能神经支配的损伤会降低海马体θ节律的振幅，并导致空间导航任务受损，包括莫里斯水迷宫、八臂放射状迷宫、空间反转和延迟交替任务。在此，我们回顾了以往关于胆碱能调制在记忆功能中作用的研究，并提出了一个新的海马体和内嗅皮质模型，描述了这些区域在行为任务中进行目标导向空间导航时的相互作用。这些机制需要不同的功能阶段用于：（1）在不受检索干扰的情况下对路径进行编码，以及（2）检索路径以指导下一个动作的选择。我们进行了分析，探讨海马体θ节律期间生理变量的相位变化如何能够提供这些不同阶段并增强空间导航功能。
