Pavani Francesco, Macaluso Emiliano, Warren Jason D, Driver Jon, Griffiths Timothy D
Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Curr Biol. 2002 Sep 17;12(18):1584-90. doi: 10.1016/s0960-9822(02)01143-0.
Perception of movement in acoustic space depends on comparison of the sound waveforms reaching the two ears (binaural cues) as well as spectrotemporal analysis of the waveform at each ear (monaural cues). The relative importance of these two cues is different for perception of vertical or horizontal motion, with spectrotemporal analysis likely to be more important for perceiving vertical shifts. In humans, functional imaging studies have shown that sound movement in the horizontal plane activates brain areas distinct from the primary auditory cortex, in parietal and frontal lobes and in the planum temporale. However, no previous work has examined activations for vertical sound movement. It is therefore difficult to generalize previous imaging studies, based on horizontal movement only, to multidimensional auditory space perception. Using externalized virtual-space sounds in a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigm to investigate this, we compared vertical and horizontal shifts in sound location. A common bilateral network of brain areas was activated in response to both horizontal and vertical sound movement. This included the planum temporale, superior parietal cortex, and premotor cortex. Sounds perceived laterally in virtual space were associated with contralateral activation of the auditory cortex. These results demonstrate that sound movement in vertical and horizontal dimensions engages a common processing network in the human cerebral cortex and show that multidimensional spatial properties of sounds are processed at this level.
对声学空间中运动的感知取决于到达双耳的声音波形的比较（双耳线索）以及每只耳朵处波形的频谱时间分析（单耳线索）。这两种线索对于垂直或水平运动感知的相对重要性有所不同，频谱时间分析对于感知垂直移动可能更为重要。在人类中，功能成像研究表明，水平面内的声音运动激活了与初级听觉皮层不同的脑区，位于顶叶、额叶以及颞平面。然而，此前尚无研究考察垂直声音运动时的激活情况。因此，仅基于水平运动的先前成像研究难以推广至多维听觉空间感知。利用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）范式中的外部化虚拟空间声音来对此进行研究，我们比较了声音位置的垂直和水平移动。响应水平和垂直声音运动均激活了一个常见的双侧脑区网络。这包括颞平面、顶上叶皮质和运动前皮质。在虚拟空间中侧向感知到的声音与听觉皮层的对侧激活相关。这些结果表明，垂直和水平维度的声音运动在人类大脑皮层中涉及一个共同的处理网络，并表明声音的多维空间特性在此水平上得到处理。
