Ogawa Motohiko, Hagiwara Toshikatsu, Kishimoto Toshio, Shiga Sadashi, Yoshida Yoshiya, Furuya Yumiko, Kaiho Ikuo, Ito Tadahiko, Nemoto Haruyasu, Yamamoto Norishige, Masukawa Kunihiko
Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2002 Aug;67(2):162-5. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2002.67.162.
Surveillance for scrub typhus was conducted in Japan in 1998 using a questionnaire. A total of 462 cases were reported. Scrub typhus occurred in both the fall and spring in the northern part of Honshu (the main island), and in the fall in the central part of Honshu and on the island of Kyushu. The occurrence of the disease varied with age, gender, and activity. Seventy-six percent of the patients were more than 51 years old, and 36% and 16% of the patients were engaged in farm work and forestry, respectively. Fever, rash, and eschar were detected in 98%, 93%, and 97% of the patients, respectively. Elevated levels of C-reactive protein, aspartate transaminase, and alanine transaminase were detected in 96%, 87%, and 77% of the patients, respectively. Disseminated intravascular coagulation developed in 34 cases and had a unique regional distribution. This study shows the status of scrub typhus in Japan in 1998 and provides important information for diagnosis and prevention.
1998年，日本通过问卷调查对恙虫病进行了监测。共报告了462例病例。恙虫病在本州岛（主要岛屿）北部的秋季和春季均有发生，在本州岛中部和九州岛则在秋季出现。该病的发生因年龄、性别和活动而异。76%的患者年龄超过51岁，分别有36%和16%的患者从事农业和林业工作。分别有98%、93%和97%的患者检测到发热、皮疹和焦痂。分别有96%、87%和77%的患者检测到C反应蛋白、天冬氨酸转氨酶和丙氨酸转氨酶水平升高。34例发生了弥散性血管内凝血，且具有独特的区域分布。本研究展示了1998年日本恙虫病的发病情况，并为诊断和预防提供了重要信息。
