Kikukawa Azusa, Kobayashi Asao
Pharmacochemistry Section, Japan Air Self Defense Force, Tokyo.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 2002 Oct;73(10):991-5.
Air rescue trainees in the Japan Air Self Defense Force participate in a curriculum that includes 24 wk of strenuous physical training. The trace minerals zinc and copper are directly involved in many physiologic processes that are altered by physical exercise of this sort. It has also been demonstrated that urinary excretion of catecholamines (adrenaline and noradrenaline) increases during both mental work and physical exercise.
Air rescue trainees will exhibit changes in trace mineral excretion and catecholamine levels that vary with the type of training undertaken.
The levels of urinary zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), noradrenaline (NAd), and adrenaline (Ad) were determined in 11 air rescue trainees before and after daily training sessions for consecutive 3- or 4-d periods during four phases of the curriculum, as follows: control (Cont), classroom instruction without physical exercise; preliminary (Prelim), daily exercise sessions for increased physical strength; basic (Basic), a combination of lectures and demanding physical exercise; and simulated mountain rescue (Sim).
The mean urinary concentrations of Zn and Cu increased significantly after sessions with physical exercise (Prelim, Basic, and Sim), but remained unchanged for Cont. The NAd levels also increased significantly after training with physical exercise. In contrast, Ad levels increased significantly after sessions in all phases, both with and without physical exercise.
The urinary levels of Zn, Cu, NAd, and Ad rose with strenuous exertion, whereas only Ad responded to both physical and mental tasking.
日本航空自卫队的空中救援学员参与了一项课程，其中包括为期24周的高强度体能训练。微量元素锌和铜直接参与许多生理过程，而这类体育锻炼会改变这些过程。研究还表明，在脑力劳动和体育锻炼期间，儿茶酚胺（肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素）的尿排泄量会增加。
空中救援学员的微量元素排泄和儿茶酚胺水平会随着所进行的训练类型而发生变化。
在课程的四个阶段中，对11名空中救援学员在连续3天或4天的每日训练课前后的尿锌（Zn）、铜（Cu）、去甲肾上腺素（NAd）和肾上腺素（Ad）水平进行了测定，具体如下：对照（Cont），无体育锻炼的课堂教学；预备（Prelim），为增强体力而进行的每日锻炼课；基础（Basic），讲座与高强度体育锻炼相结合；模拟山地救援（Sim）。
体育锻炼课（Prelim、Basic和Sim）后，尿Zn和Cu的平均浓度显著升高，但Cont组保持不变。体育锻炼训练后，NAd水平也显著升高。相比之下，在所有阶段的课程后，无论有无体育锻炼，Ad水平均显著升高。
剧烈运动时，尿Zn、Cu、NAd和Ad水平升高，而只有Ad对体力和脑力任务均有反应。
