Hiremath M B, Kaliwal B B
Post Graduate Department of Studies in Zoology, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580 003, India.
Reprod Toxicol. 2002 Nov-Dec;16(6):783-90. doi: 10.1016/s0890-6238(02)00060-6.
Endosulfan, a chlorinated cyclodiene insecticide, was administered orally at 1.5, 3, 6, and 9 mg/kg per day to normal hemicastrated virgin mice for 15 consecutive days to examine the effect on ovarian function. Sham-operated and hemicastrated control mice were administered a similar volume of olive oil. The vaginal smear and body weight of the mice were recorded daily and mice were sacrificed on day 16. The remaining left ovary, uterus, kidney, adrenal, liver, thymus, and thyroid were removed and weighed. The left ovary from each animal was serially sectioned and stained for histologic studies. The hemicastrated control mice had a 40.5% increase in weight of the remaining left ovary and a significant increase in healthy and atretic follicles when compared with sham-operated controls. The remaining left ovaries of mice treated with 1.5mg endosulfan had a 37.2% increase in weight with no significant difference in ovarian weight and or in the healthy and atretic follicles when compared with hemicastrated olive oil-treated controls. However, treatment with 3, 6, and 9 mg endosulfan resulted in weight increases in the remaining left ovary of only 14.9, 7.4, and 0.8% and a significant decrease in healthy follicles with a concomitant increase in the number of atretic follicles compared to the olive oil-treated controls. There was no significant change in the number of estrous cycles or the duration of each phase of the estrous cycle with 1.5 and 3mg/kg per day endosulfan. However, there was a significant decrease in the number of estrous cycles, and the duration of estrus and metestrus with a concomitant significant increase in the duration of the diestrus phase with 6 and 9 mg/kg per day endosulfan treatment when compared with hemicastrated olive oil-treated controls. There were no significant change in body weight or the weights of the uterus, kidney, adrenal, liver, thymus, or thyroid after endosulfan treatment. These observations show that endosulfan treatment caused a significant decrease in compensatory ovarian hypertrophy. An increase in the number of atretic follicles and disruption of the estrous cycle may have been due to a direct effect on the ovary or to effects on the hypothalamo-hypophysial-ovarian axis.
硫丹是一种氯化环二烯类杀虫剂，连续15天每天以1.5、3、6和9毫克/千克的剂量口服给予正常半阉割处女小鼠，以研究其对卵巢功能的影响。假手术和半阉割对照小鼠给予相同体积的橄榄油。每天记录小鼠的阴道涂片和体重，并在第16天处死小鼠。取出剩余的左侧卵巢、子宫、肾脏、肾上腺、肝脏、胸腺和甲状腺并称重。对每只动物的左侧卵巢进行连续切片并染色以进行组织学研究。与假手术对照组相比，半阉割对照小鼠剩余左侧卵巢的重量增加了40.5%，健康卵泡和闭锁卵泡显著增加。与经橄榄油处理的半阉割对照相比，用1.5毫克硫丹处理的小鼠剩余左侧卵巢重量增加了37.2%，卵巢重量以及健康卵泡和闭锁卵泡数量均无显著差异。然而，与经橄榄油处理的对照组相比，用3、6和9毫克硫丹处理导致剩余左侧卵巢重量仅增加14.9%、7.4%和0.8%，健康卵泡数量显著减少，同时闭锁卵泡数量增加。每天1.5和3毫克/千克硫丹处理时，发情周期数或发情周期各阶段的持续时间没有显著变化。然而，与经橄榄油处理的半阉割对照相比，每天6和9毫克/千克硫丹处理时，发情周期数显著减少，发情期和动情后期的持续时间显著减少，同时动情间期的持续时间显著增加。硫丹处理后，体重以及子宫、肾脏、肾上腺、肝脏、胸腺或甲状腺的重量没有显著变化。这些观察结果表明，硫丹处理导致代偿性卵巢肥大显著降低。闭锁卵泡数量增加和发情周期紊乱可能是由于对卵巢的直接作用或对下丘脑 - 垂体 - 卵巢轴的影响。
