Miller Karen J, Conney Janet C, Rasgon Natalie L, Fairbanks Lynn A, Small Gary W
Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, the Neuropsychiatric Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2002 Nov;50(11):1826-30. doi: 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50511.x.
Previous studies have suggested sex differences in mood and cognition and that estrogen effects may partially explain such differences. In this study, we explore sex differences for a range of mood symptoms and for neuropsychological performance in men and postmenopausal women and assess the potential influence of estrogen on these measures.
Cross-sectional study of men and women examining mood, neuropsychological test data, and estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) use.
Outpatient study at an urban teaching hospital with subjects recruited from the community.
All subjects (N = 96) were between the ages of 57 and 75 and included 31 women using ERT, 16 non-ERT users, and 49 men. Subjects did not have major depression and were nondemented.
The three groups were compared according to profile of mood states and neuropsychological performance, and statistical analyses were controlled for socioeconomic status, age, and education level.
Female ERT users were less depressed and less angry and performed better on measures of verbal fluency and working memory than the other subject groups.
Postmenopausal estrogen use is associated with better mood and cognitive performance on tasks of fluency and working memory. These results suggest that estrogen should be examined as a potentially critical variable influencing late-life sex differences in mood and cognition.
以往研究表明情绪和认知存在性别差异，雌激素作用可能部分解释了这些差异。在本研究中，我们探讨男性和绝经后女性在一系列情绪症状及神经心理学表现方面的性别差异，并评估雌激素对这些指标的潜在影响。
对男性和女性进行横断面研究，检查情绪、神经心理学测试数据及雌激素替代疗法（ERT）的使用情况。
在一所城市教学医院进行门诊研究，研究对象从社区招募。
所有受试者（N = 96）年龄在57至75岁之间，包括31名使用ERT的女性、16名未使用ERT的女性和49名男性。受试者无重度抑郁症且未患痴呆症。
根据情绪状态和神经心理学表现对三组进行比较，并对社会经济地位、年龄和教育水平进行统计分析控制。
与其他受试者组相比，使用ERT的女性抑郁和愤怒情绪较少，在语言流畅性和工作记忆测试中的表现更好。
绝经后使用雌激素与更好的情绪以及在流畅性和工作记忆任务中的认知表现相关。这些结果表明，雌激素应被视为影响晚年情绪和认知性别差异的一个潜在关键变量进行研究。
