Smith D P, Lyon C E, Lyon B G
USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Russell Research Center, Athens, Georgia 30604, USA.
Poult Sci. 2002 Oct;81(10):1584-8. doi: 10.1093/ps/81.10.1584.
An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of bird age, diet (feeds formulated with 69.5% corn, 69.7% milo, or 73.6% wheat), and feed withdrawal times (0 or 8 hours) on color (CIE L*, lightness; a*, redness; and b*, yellowness) of raw broiler breast fillets. Broilers were placed on diets at 28 d of age. Replicate groups of 24 birds (eight each from different diet and four each either full fed or feed withdrawn) were processed (slaughtered and eviscerated under simulated commercial conditions) each day from 42 to 45 and 49 to 52 d of age (n = 192). Carcasses were chilled and deboned 4 h postmortem, and triplicate color measurements taken from the medial (bone) side of the fillet. Bird age did not significantly affect fillet color values. Fillets from the birds fed the wheat diet were significantly lighter than fillets from the corn or milo fed birds (48.9 vs. 46.9 and 46.7, respectively). The milo diet resulted in significantly redder fillets than corn or wheat (3.9 vs. 3.5 and 3.3, respectively). The corn diet produced significantly more yellow fillets than milo or wheat (4.8 vs. 2.4 and 2.6, respectively). Feed withdrawal significantly increased fillet lightness from an average of 46.1 to 48.9, decreased redness from 4.1 to 3.1, and increased yellowness from 2.8 to 3.7. Raw broiler breast fillet color is significantly affected by both diet and feed withdrawal, but not by age.
进行了一项实验，以确定鸡龄、日粮（分别用69.5%玉米、69.7%高粱或73.6%小麦配制的饲料）和停饲时间（0或8小时）对肉用仔鸡胸肉生鱼片颜色（CIE L*，亮度；a*，红色度；b*，黄色度）的影响。肉鸡在28日龄时开始采食日粮。从42至45日龄以及49至52日龄期间，每天处理（在模拟商业条件下屠宰并去内脏）每组24只鸡的重复组（每组8只来自不同日粮，每组4只分别为全饲或停饲）（n = 192）。屠体在死后4小时进行冷却并去骨，从鱼片内侧（骨侧）进行三次颜色测定。鸡龄对鱼片颜色值没有显著影响。饲喂小麦日粮的鸡的鱼片比饲喂玉米或高粱日粮的鸡的鱼片显著更浅（分别为48.9对46.9和46.7）。高粱日粮导致的鱼片红色度显著高于玉米或小麦日粮（分别为3.9对3.5和3.3）。玉米日粮产生的鱼片黄色度显著高于高粱或小麦日粮（分别为4.8对2.4和2.6）。停饲显著提高了鱼片亮度，从平均46.1提高到48.9，降低了红色度，从4.1降低到3.1，并提高了黄色度，从2.8提高到3.7。肉用仔鸡胸肉生鱼片颜色受日粮和停饲的显著影响，但不受鸡龄影响。
