Elzer P H, Hagius S D, Davis D S, DelVecchio V G, Enright F M
Department of Veterinary Science, LSU AgCenter, 111 Dalrymple Building, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
Vet Microbiol. 2002 Dec 20;90(1-4):425-31. doi: 10.1016/s0378-1135(02)00226-2.
The relationship between man, the goat, and brucellosis is historical. Today Brucella melitensis and Brucella abortus pose a serious economic and public health threat in many countries throughout the world. Infection of pregnant goats and sheep with B. melitensis results in abortion during the third trimester of pregnancy. Although nearly eradicated in the US, bovine brucellosis is still a problem in many countries and the potential for re-infection of domestic stock from wildlife reservoirs in this country is a regulatory nightmare. Humans infected with this pathogen develop undulant fever, which is characterized by pyrexia, arthritis, osteomyelitis, and spondylitis. Although available for both organisms, currently available vaccines have problems ranging from false positive serological reactions to limited efficacy in different animal species. With the continued need for new and better vaccines, we have further developed a goat model system to test new genetically derived strains of B. melitensis and B. abortus for virulence as measured by colonization of maternal and fetal tissues, vaccine safety, and vaccine efficacy.
人类、山羊与布鲁氏菌病之间的关系由来已久。如今，羊种布鲁氏菌和牛种布鲁氏菌在世界许多国家构成了严重的经济和公共卫生威胁。怀孕的山羊和绵羊感染羊种布鲁氏菌会在妊娠晚期流产。尽管在美国几乎已被根除，但牛布鲁氏菌病在许多国家仍是个问题，而且该国野生动物宿主使家畜再次感染的可能性是监管方面的一大难题。感染这种病原体的人类会患上波状热，其特征为发热、关节炎、骨髓炎和脊柱炎。尽管两种病原体都有可用疫苗，但目前的疫苗存在诸多问题，从血清学假阳性反应到在不同动物物种中的效力有限。由于持续需要新的、更好的疫苗，我们进一步开发了一种山羊模型系统，以测试新的基因衍生羊种布鲁氏菌和牛种布鲁氏菌菌株的毒力（通过母体和胎儿组织的定殖来衡量）、疫苗安全性和疫苗效力。
