Hoeger Stefan J, Dietrich Daniel R, Hitzfeld Bettina C
Environmental Toxicology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
Environ Health Perspect. 2002 Nov;110(11):1127-32. doi: 10.1289/ehp.021101127.
Water treatment plants faced with toxic cyanobacteria have to be able to remove cyanotoxins from raw water. In this study we investigated the efficacy of ozonation coupled with various filtration steps under different cyanobacterial bloom conditions. Cyanobacteria were ozonated in a laboratory-scale batch reactor modeled on a system used by a modern waterworks, with subsequent activated carbon and sand filtration steps. The presence of cyanobacterial toxins (microcystins) was determined using the protein phosphatase inhibition assay. We found that ozone concentrations of at least 1.5 mg/L were required to provide enough oxidation potential to destroy the toxin present in 5 X 10(5 )Microcystis aeruginosa cells/mL [total organic carbon (TOC), 1.56 mg/L]. High raw water TOC was shown to reduce the efficiency of free toxin oxidation and destruction. In addition, ozonation of raw waters containing high cyanobacteria cell densities will result in cell lysis and liberation of intracellular toxins. Thus, we emphasize that only regular and simultaneous monitoring of TOC/dissolved organic carbon and cyanobacterial cell densities, in conjunction with online residual O(3) concentration determination and efficient filtration steps, can ensure the provision of safe drinking water from surface waters contaminated with toxic cyanobacterial blooms.
面临有毒蓝藻细菌的水处理厂必须能够从原水中去除蓝藻毒素。在本研究中，我们调查了在不同蓝藻水华条件下，臭氧氧化与各种过滤步骤相结合的效果。在一个以现代自来水厂使用的系统为模型的实验室规模间歇式反应器中对蓝藻细菌进行臭氧氧化处理，随后进行活性炭和砂滤步骤。使用蛋白磷酸酶抑制试验来测定蓝藻毒素（微囊藻毒素）的存在。我们发现，要提供足够的氧化电位以破坏每毫升含有5×10⁵个铜绿微囊藻细胞[总有机碳（TOC），1.56毫克/升]中的毒素，所需的臭氧浓度至少为1.5毫克/升。结果表明，原水的高TOC会降低游离毒素氧化和破坏的效率。此外，对含有高蓝藻细胞密度的原水进行臭氧氧化会导致细胞裂解并释放细胞内毒素。因此，我们强调，只有定期同时监测TOC/溶解有机碳和蓝藻细胞密度，并结合在线剩余O₃浓度测定和高效过滤步骤，才能确保从受有毒蓝藻水华污染的地表水中提供安全的饮用水。
