Hallett Mark
Human Motor Control Section, NINDS, NIH, Building 10, Room 5N226, 10 Center Dr, MSC 1428, Bethesda, MD 20892-1428, USA.
Neurology. 2002 Nov 12;59(9):1306-12. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000027361.73814.0e.
Benign essential blepharospasm is a common focal dystonia characterized by involuntary eyelid closure. Its etiology, supported by animal models, appears to be multifactorial, representing the influence of a genetic background and an environmental trigger. The genetic background could be responsible for the reduced brain inhibition, identified with physiologic studies that would set up a permissive condition for increased brain plasticity. Reduced D2 receptors identified with PET might be an indicator of this reduced inhibition. The trigger could be repetitive use or local ocular disease. Although symptomatic therapy is available, better approaches are needed and will likely become available as the genetics and pathophysiology become well understood.
良性原发性眼睑痉挛是一种常见的局灶性肌张力障碍，其特征为不自主的眼睑闭合。动物模型支持其病因似乎是多因素的，代表了遗传背景和环境触发因素的影响。遗传背景可能导致大脑抑制作用减弱，生理学研究已证实这一点，它会为大脑可塑性增加创造有利条件。正电子发射断层扫描（PET）确定的D2受体减少可能是这种抑制作用减弱的一个指标。触发因素可能是反复使用或局部眼部疾病。虽然有对症治疗方法，但仍需要更好的方法，随着遗传学和病理生理学被充分理解，可能会有更好的方法出现。
