Ma Hongying, Qu Jian, Ye Liangjun, Shu Yi, Qu Qiang
Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Front Neurol. 2021 Mar 29;12:630221. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.630221. eCollection 2021.
Meige syndrome (MS) is cranial dystonia characterized by the combination of upper and lower cranial involvement and including binocular eyelid spasms (blepharospasm; BSP) and involuntary movements of the jaw muscles (oromandibular dystonia; OMD). The etiology and pathogenesis of this disorder of the extrapyramidal system are not well-understood. Neurologic and ophthalmic examinations often reveal no abnormalities, making diagnosis difficult and often resulting in misdiagnosis. A small proportion of patients have a family history of the disease, but to date no causative genes have been identified to date and no cure is available, although botulinum toxin A therapy effectively mitigates the symptoms and deep brain stimulation is gaining increasing attention as a viable alternative treatment option. Here we review the history and progress of research on MS, BSP, and OMD, as well as the etiology, pathology, diagnosis, and treatment.
梅杰综合征（MS）是一种颅肌张力障碍，其特征是上下颅神经受累，包括双眼睑痉挛（眼睑痉挛；BSP）和下颌肌肉的不自主运动（口下颌肌张力障碍；OMD）。这种锥体外系疾病的病因和发病机制尚未完全明确。神经科和眼科检查通常未发现异常，这使得诊断困难，常常导致误诊。一小部分患者有该病的家族史，但迄今为止尚未确定致病基因，也没有治愈方法，尽管肉毒杆菌毒素A疗法可有效缓解症状，深部脑刺激作为一种可行的替代治疗选择正受到越来越多的关注。在此，我们综述了梅杰综合征、眼睑痉挛和口下颌肌张力障碍的研究历史与进展，以及其病因、病理、诊断和治疗。
