一种用于深部脑区经颅磁刺激的线圈设计。
A coil design for transcranial magnetic stimulation of deep brain regions.
作者信息
Roth Yiftach, Zangen Abraham, Hallett Mark
机构信息
New Advanced Technology Center, Sheba Medical Center Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
出版信息
J Clin Neurophysiol. 2002 Aug;19(4):361-70. doi: 10.1097/00004691-200208000-00008.
Noninvasive magnetic stimulation of the human central nervous system has been used in research and the clinic for several years. However, the coils used previously stimulated mainly the cortical brain regions but could not stimulate deeper brain regions directly. The purpose of the current study was to develop a coil to stimulate deep brain regions. Stimulation of the nucleus accumbens and the nerve fibers connecting the prefrontal cortex with the nucleus accumbens was one major target of the authors' coil design. Numeric simulations of the electrical field induced by several types of coils were performed and accordingly an optimized coil for deep brain stimulation was designed. The electrical field induced by the new coil design was measured in a phantom brain and compared with the double-cone coil. The numeric simulations show that the electrical fields induced by various types of coils are always greater in cortical regions (closer to the coil placement); however, the decrease in electrical field within the brain (as a function of the distance from the coil) is markedly slower for the new coil design. The phantom brain measurements basically confirmed the numeric simulations. The suggested coil is likely to have the ability of deep brain stimulation without the need to increase the intensity to levels that stimulate cortical regions to a much higher extent and possibly cause undesirable side effects.
无创性磁刺激人类中枢神经系统已在研究和临床中应用数年。然而,先前使用的线圈主要刺激大脑皮质区域,无法直接刺激更深的脑区。本研究的目的是研发一种能刺激深部脑区的线圈。刺激伏隔核以及连接前额叶皮质与伏隔核的神经纤维是作者线圈设计的一个主要目标。对几种类型线圈所诱发的电场进行了数值模拟,并据此设计了一种用于深部脑刺激的优化线圈。在模拟脑模型中测量了新线圈设计所诱发的电场,并与双锥线圈进行了比较。数值模拟表明,各种类型的线圈在皮质区域(更靠近线圈放置处)诱发的电场总是更大;然而,对于新的线圈设计,脑内电场随距离线圈的距离而降低的速度明显较慢。模拟脑模型测量结果基本证实了数值模拟。所建议的线圈可能具有深部脑刺激的能力,而无需将强度增加到会过度刺激皮质区域并可能导致不良副作用的水平。