Tate Anupama Rao, Acs George
Department of Dentistry, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue Northwest, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
Dent Clin North Am. 2002 Oct;46(4):707-17. doi: 10.1016/s0011-8532(02)00028-9.
Misconceptions about the need for pain management in pediatric patients have been shown to be wrong. We now understand that children feel pain and respond to pain medication in much the same way as adults. With this new understanding, practitioners must recognize all the factors that affect the feeling of pain. Pain can be variable and each patient brings a unique set of characteristics to be evaluated. The first objective should be to assess the patient's previous treatment history, medical condition, extent of treatment needed, and age. An effective pain management protocol begins with preoperative pain and anxiety control, with the use of agents such as nitrous oxide and local anesthetics. Postoperative pain medication should be given at the correct dosage and time intervals for the appropriate duration. With our commitment to pain management in children, these protocols should easily translate into improved clinical practice.
事实证明，关于儿科患者疼痛管理必要性的误解是错误的。我们现在明白，儿童感受疼痛并对止痛药物作出反应的方式与成人非常相似。有了这一新认识，从业者必须认识到所有影响疼痛感受的因素。疼痛可能因人而异，每位患者都有一套独特的特征需要评估。首要目标应该是评估患者以前的治疗史、病情、所需治疗程度和年龄。有效的疼痛管理方案始于术前对疼痛和焦虑的控制，可使用一氧化二氮和局部麻醉剂等药物。术后应在正确的剂量和时间间隔给予适当疗程的止痛药物。由于我们致力于儿童疼痛管理，这些方案应能轻松转化为改善临床实践。
