Cserháti Tibor, Forgács Esther, Oros Gyula
Institute of Chemistry, Chemical Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest.
Environ Int. 2002 Nov;28(5):337-48. doi: 10.1016/s0160-4120(02)00032-6.
The newest results concerning the biological activity and environmental fate of anionic surfactants are collected and critically evaluated. The chemical and physicochemical parameters related to the biological activity and the field of application are briefly discussed. Examples on the effect of anionic surfactants on the cell membranes, on the activity of enzymes, on the binding to various proteins and to other cell components and on their human toxicity are presented and the possible mode of action is elucidated. The sources of environmental pollution caused by anionic surfactants are listed and the methods developed for their removal from liquid, semiliquid and solid matrices are collected. Both the beneficial and adversary effects of anionic surfactants on the environment are reported and critically discussed. It was concluded that the role of anionic surfactants in the environment is ambiguous: they can cause serous environmental pollution with toxic effect on living organisms; otherwise, they can promote the decomposition and/or removal of other inorganic and organic pollutants from the environment. The relationship between their chemical structure, physicochemical parameters, biological activity and environmental impact is notwell understood. A considerable number of data are needed for the development of new anionic surfactants and for the successful application of the existing ones to reduce the adversary and to promote beneficial effects.
收集并批判性地评估了有关阴离子表面活性剂生物活性和环境归宿的最新结果。简要讨论了与生物活性和应用领域相关的化学和物理化学参数。列举了阴离子表面活性剂对细胞膜、酶活性、与各种蛋白质及其他细胞成分结合以及对人体毒性影响的实例，并阐明了可能的作用方式。列出了由阴离子表面活性剂造成环境污染的来源，并收集了从液体、半液体和固体基质中去除它们的方法。报道并批判性地讨论了阴离子表面活性剂对环境的有益和不利影响。得出的结论是，阴离子表面活性剂在环境中的作用不明确：它们可能会造成严重的环境污染，对生物体产生毒性作用；否则，它们可以促进环境中其他无机和有机污染物的分解和/或去除。它们的化学结构、物理化学参数、生物活性和环境影响之间的关系尚未得到充分理解。开发新型阴离子表面活性剂以及成功应用现有阴离子表面活性剂以减少不利影响并促进有益作用需要大量数据。
