McNally Richard J
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
Biol Psychiatry. 2002 Nov 15;52(10):938-46. doi: 10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01475-0.
Anxiety sensitivity refers to fears of anxiety-related sensations. Most often measured by the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI), anxiety sensitivity is a dispositional variable especially elevated in people with panic disorder. Regardless of diagnosis, ASI scores often predict panic symptoms in response to biological challenges (e.g., carbon dioxide inhalation) that provoke feared bodily sensations. Prospective longitudinal studies indicate that scores on the ASI predict subsequent spontaneous attacks, indicating that elevated anxiety sensitivity is a risk factor for panic and perhaps panic disorder. Cognitive behavioral treatment reduces anxiety sensitivity in panic patients, perhaps protecting against relapse. Imipramine likewise decreases anxiety sensitivity.
焦虑敏感性是指对与焦虑相关的感觉的恐惧。焦虑敏感性通常通过焦虑敏感性指数（ASI）来衡量，它是一种特质变量，在惊恐障碍患者中尤其升高。无论诊断如何，ASI得分往往能预测对引发恐惧身体感觉的生物学挑战（如吸入二氧化碳）所产生的惊恐症状。前瞻性纵向研究表明，ASI得分能预测随后的自发发作，这表明焦虑敏感性升高是惊恐发作甚至惊恐障碍的一个风险因素。认知行为疗法可降低惊恐症患者的焦虑敏感性，可能有助于预防复发。丙咪嗪同样能降低焦虑敏感性。
