Bossi Giovanna, Trambas Christina, Booth Sarah, Clark Richard, Stinchcombe Jane, Griffiths Gillian M
Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Immunol Rev. 2002 Nov;189:152-60. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-065x.2002.18913.x.
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) destroy their targets by a process involving secretion of specialized granules. The interactions between CTLs and target can be very brief; nevertheless, adhesion and signaling proteins segregate into an immunological synapse. Secretion occurs in a specialized secretory domain. Use of live and fixed cell microscopy allows this secretory synapse to be visualized both temporally and spatially. The combined use of confocal and electron microscopy has produced some surprising findings, which suggest that the secretory synapse may be important both in delivering the lethal hit and in facilitating membrane transfer from target to CTL. Studies on the secretory synapse in wild-type and mutant CTLs have been used to identify proteins involved in secretion. Further clues as to the signals required for secretion are emerging from comparisons of inhibitory and activating synapses formed by natural killer cells.
细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（CTLs）通过一个涉及分泌特殊颗粒的过程来破坏其靶细胞。CTLs与靶细胞之间的相互作用可能非常短暂；然而，黏附蛋白和信号蛋白会聚集形成免疫突触。分泌发生在一个特殊的分泌区域。利用活细胞和固定细胞显微镜技术能够在时间和空间上观察到这个分泌突触。共聚焦显微镜和电子显微镜的联合使用产生了一些惊人的发现，这表明分泌突触可能在传递致命一击以及促进膜从靶细胞转移到CTLs的过程中都起着重要作用。对野生型和突变型CTLs分泌突触的研究已用于鉴定参与分泌的蛋白质。通过比较自然杀伤细胞形成的抑制性突触和激活性突触，关于分泌所需信号的更多线索正在浮现。
