Taouji S, Collobert C, Gicquel B, Sailleau C, Brisseau N, Moussu C, Breuil M F, Pronost S, Borchers K, Zientara S
AFSSA, Laboratoire d'études et de recherches en pathologie equine, Dozulé, France.
J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health. 2002 Oct;49(8):394-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1439-0450.2002.00590.x.
Equine herpesviruses type 1 and 4 (EHV-1 and EHV-4) are ubiquitous in the equine population. One of their main properties is their ability to establish life-long latent infections in their hosts even in those with natural or vaccine-induced immunity. However, effect of vaccination status on prevalence and tissue tropism was not established. In this study, EHV-1 and EHV-4 were detected by polymerase chain reaction and by classical virus isolation from neural, epithelial and lymphoid tissues collected from unvaccinated (33) or vaccinated (23) horses. The percentage of EHV-1- and EHV-4-positive horses between vaccinates and unvaccinates was similar. Both viruses were detected in all tissues of both groups; in particular, lymph nodes draining the respiratory tract, nasal epithelium and nervous ganglia [i.e. trigeminal ganglia (TG)], which represent the main positive sites for EHV-1 and EHV-4. In vaccinated animals, the nervous ganglia (i.e. TG) were less frequently positive than in unvaccinated animals. Detection of positive TG was strongly correlated to the presence of EHV-1 in nasal epithelium.
1型和4型马疱疹病毒（EHV-1和EHV-4）在马群中普遍存在。它们的主要特性之一是即使在具有天然免疫或疫苗诱导免疫的宿主中，也能够在宿主体内建立终身潜伏感染。然而，疫苗接种状态对病毒流行率和组织嗜性的影响尚未明确。在本研究中，通过聚合酶链反应以及从未接种疫苗（33匹）或接种疫苗（23匹）马匹采集的神经、上皮和淋巴组织中进行经典病毒分离，检测EHV-1和EHV-4。接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的马匹中EHV-1和EHV-4阳性马匹的百分比相似。两组所有组织中均检测到这两种病毒；特别是呼吸道引流淋巴结、鼻上皮和神经节[即三叉神经节（TG）]，它们是EHV-1和EHV-4的主要阳性部位。在接种疫苗的动物中，神经节（即TG）阳性的频率低于未接种疫苗的动物。三叉神经节阳性的检测与鼻上皮中EHV-1的存在密切相关。
