Einstein Mark H, Goldberg Gary L
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA.
Cancer Invest. 2002;20(7-8):1080-5. doi: 10.1081/cnv-120005927.
Cervical cancer accounts for about 10% of all newly diagnosed cancers in women worldwide. The association between HPV infection and cervical neoplasia appears to be stronger than the association between smoking and lung cancer. At least 20 oncogenic HPV types have been identified in > 95% of preinvasive and invasive cervical cancers, HPV type 16 being the most common. HPV detection is important to identify those patients who may be at high risk for the development of cervical neoplasia. Detection techniques include Hybrid Capture (Digene, Silver Springs, MD) and PCR. Viral integration appears to be one of the necessary steps in malignant transformation. Recently, some of the repeated chromosomal alterations and patterns of integration sites have been identified in cervical cancer specimens. The low rate of HPV-negative cancers implies an effective HPV vaccine might have the ability to eradicate cervical cancer worldwide.
宫颈癌约占全球女性新诊断癌症的10%。人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染与宫颈肿瘤形成之间的关联似乎比吸烟与肺癌之间的关联更强。在超过95%的宫颈原位癌和浸润癌中已鉴定出至少20种致癌性HPV类型，其中HPV16型最为常见。HPV检测对于识别那些可能有宫颈肿瘤发生高风险的患者很重要。检测技术包括杂交捕获法（Digene公司，马里兰州银泉市）和聚合酶链反应（PCR）。病毒整合似乎是恶性转化的必要步骤之一。最近，在宫颈癌标本中已鉴定出一些重复的染色体改变和整合位点模式。HPV阴性癌症的低发生率意味着有效的HPV疫苗可能有能力在全球根除宫颈癌。
