Waldenström Jonas, Broman Tina, Carlsson Inger, Hasselquist Dennis, Achterberg René P, Wagenaar Jaap A, Olsen Björn
Department of Animal Ecology, Lund University, Sweden.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002 Dec;68(12):5911-7. doi: 10.1128/AEM.68.12.5911-5917.2002.
A total of 1,794 migrating birds trapped at a coastal site in southern Sweden were sampled for detection of Campylobacter spp. All isolates phenotypically identified as Campylobacter jejuni and a subset of those identified as non-C. jejuni were identified to the species level by PCR-based techniques. C. jejuni was found in 5.0% of the birds, Campylobacter lari was found in 5.6%, and Campylobacter coli was found in 0.9%. An additional 10.7% of the tested birds were infected with hippurate hydrolysis-negative Campylobacter spp. that were not identified to the species level. The prevalence of Campylobacter spp. differed significantly between ecological guilds of birds. Shoreline-foraging birds feeding on invertebrates and opportunistic feeders were most commonly infected (76.8 and 50.0%, respectively). High prevalence was also shown in other ground-foraging guilds, i.e., ground-foraging invertebrate feeders (11.0%), ground-foraging insectivores (20.3%), and plant-eating species (18.8%). Almost no Campylobacter spp. were found in ground-foraging granivores (2.3%), arboreal insectivores (0.6%), aerial insectivores (0%), or reed- and herbaceous plant-foraging insectivores (3.5%). During the autumn migration, a high proportion of samples from juveniles were positive (7.1% in passerines, 55.0% in shorebirds), indicating transmission on the breeding grounds or during the early part of migration. Prevalence of Campylobacter spp. was associated with increasing body mass among passerine bird species. Furthermore, prevalence was higher in short-distance migrants wintering in Europe than in long-distance migrants wintering in Africa, the Middle East, or Asia. Among ground-foraging birds of the Muscicapidae, those of the subfamily Turdinae (i.e., Turdus spp.) showed a high prevalence of Campylobacter spp., while the organism was not isolated in any member of the subfamily Muscicapinae (i.e., Erithacus and Luscinia). The prevalence of Campylobacter infection in wild birds thus seems to be linked to various ecological and phylogenetic factors, with great variations in carriership between different taxa and guilds.
在瑞典南部一个沿海地点捕获了1794只候鸟，对其进行采样以检测弯曲杆菌属。所有表型鉴定为空肠弯曲菌的分离株以及部分鉴定为非空肠弯曲菌的分离株，通过基于聚合酶链反应（PCR）的技术进行种水平鉴定。在5.0%的鸟类中发现了空肠弯曲菌，5.6%的鸟类中发现了海鸥弯曲菌，0.9%的鸟类中发现了大肠弯曲菌。另外10.7%的受试鸟类感染了马尿酸盐水解阴性的弯曲杆菌属，但未鉴定到种水平。弯曲杆菌属在鸟类的生态类群之间的流行率存在显著差异。以无脊椎动物为食的海岸觅食鸟类和机会主义觅食者感染最为常见（分别为76.8%和50.0%）。其他地面觅食类群也有较高的流行率，即地面觅食的无脊椎动物捕食者（11.0%）、地面觅食的食虫动物（20.3%）和食草物种（18.8%）。在地面觅食的食谷动物（2.3%）、树栖食虫动物（0.6%）、空中食虫动物（0%）或芦苇和草本植物觅食的食虫动物（3.5%）中几乎未发现弯曲杆菌属。在秋季迁徙期间，来自幼鸟的样本中有很大比例呈阳性（雀形目鸟类中为7.1%，滨鸟中为55.0%），这表明在繁殖地或迁徙早期存在传播。弯曲杆菌属的流行率与雀形目鸟类体重增加有关。此外，在欧洲越冬的短距离迁徙鸟类中的流行率高于在非洲、中东或亚洲越冬的长距离迁徙鸟类。在鹟科的地面觅食鸟类中，鸫亚科（即鸫属）的鸟类弯曲杆菌属流行率较高，而在鹟亚科（即欧歌鸲属和歌鸲属）的任何成员中均未分离到该菌。因此，野生鸟类中弯曲杆菌感染的流行率似乎与各种生态和系统发育因素有关，不同分类群和类群之间的携带率差异很大。
