Rolls Barbara J, Morris Erin L, Roe Liane S
Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802-6501, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 Dec;76(6):1207-13. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/76.6.1207.
Large portions of food may contribute to excess energy intake and greater obesity. However, data on the effects of portion size on food intake in adults are limited.
We examined the effect of portion size on intake during a single meal. We also investigated whether the response to portion size depended on which person, the subject or the experimenter, determined the amount of food on the plate.
Fifty-one men and women were served lunch 1 d/wk for 4 wk. Lunch included an entrée of macaroni and cheese consumed ad libitum. At each meal, subjects were presented with 1 of 4 portions of the entrée: 500, 625, 750, or 1000 g. One group of subjects received the portion on a plate, and a second group received it in a serving dish and took the amount they desired on their plates.
Portion size significantly influenced energy intake at lunch (P < 0.0001). Subjects consumed 30% more energy (676 kJ) when offered the largest portion than when offered the smallest portion. The response to the variations in portion size was not influenced by who determined the amount of food on the plate or by subject characteristics such as sex, body mass index, or scores for dietary restraint or disinhibition.
Larger portions led to greater energy intake regardless of serving method and subject characteristics. Portion size is a modifiable determinant of energy intake that should be addressed in connection with the prevention and treatment of obesity.
大量食物可能导致能量摄入过多和更严重的肥胖。然而，关于食物分量对成年人食物摄入量影响的数据有限。
我们研究了一餐中食物分量对摄入量的影响。我们还调查了对食物分量的反应是否取决于确定盘中食物量的人，是受试者还是实验者。
51名男性和女性每周一天、持续4周接受午餐。午餐包括一份随意食用的通心粉和奶酪主菜。每餐为受试者提供4种分量主菜中的1种：500克、625克、750克或1000克。一组受试者在盘子上接受食物分量，另一组在分菜盘中接受食物分量，并将他们想要的量盛到自己盘子里。
食物分量显著影响午餐时的能量摄入（P<0.0001）。与提供最小分量时相比，提供最大分量时受试者摄入的能量多30%（676千焦）。对食物分量变化的反应不受确定盘中食物量的人或受试者特征（如性别、体重指数或饮食抑制或去抑制得分）的影响。
无论提供方式和受试者特征如何，更大的食物分量都会导致更多的能量摄入。食物分量是能量摄入的一个可改变的决定因素，在肥胖的预防和治疗中应予以关注。
