通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）和口腔拭子证明新生大鼠早期感染卡氏肺孢子虫。
Early acquisition of Pneumocystis carinii in neonatal rats as evidenced by PCR and oral swabs.
作者信息
Icenhour Crystal R, Rebholz Sandra L, Collins Margaret S, Cushion Melanie T
机构信息
Department of Infectious Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0560, USA.
出版信息
Eukaryot Cell. 2002 Jun;1(3):414-9. doi: 10.1128/EC.1.3.414-419.2002.
The complete life cycle of Pneumocystis carinii has not been defined, but accumulating evidence suggests that the mammalian host may acquire this organism early in life. In the present study, the initial time of P. carinii acquisition was determined in rats by amplification of P. carinii DNA in oral swabs from seven sets of pups and dams and from fetal tissue obtained by cesarean section of three gravid female rats. DNA extracted from all samples was amplified by using PCR primers directed to the P. carinii mitochondrial large subunit rRNA. Amplicons were produced from 80% (28 of 35) of pups within 2 h after birth; from 97% (34 of 35) after 24 h, and in all of the serially sampled pups by 48 h. No P. carinii amplicons were produced from 48 fetuses or their placentae taken by cesarean section. Thus, P. carinii is acquired almost immediately after birth, and placental transmission occurs rarely, if ever, in rats.
卡氏肺孢子虫的完整生命周期尚未明确，但越来越多的证据表明哺乳动物宿主可能在生命早期就感染这种病原体。在本研究中，通过对七组幼崽和母鼠口腔拭子以及三只妊娠雌性大鼠剖宫产获得的胎儿组织中的卡氏肺孢子虫DNA进行扩增，确定了大鼠感染卡氏肺孢子虫的初始时间。使用针对卡氏肺孢子虫线粒体大亚基rRNA的PCR引物对从所有样本中提取的DNA进行扩增。出生后2小时内，80%（35只中的28只）的幼崽产生了扩增子；24小时后为97%（35只中的34只），到48小时时，所有连续采样的幼崽均产生了扩增子。剖宫产获取的48个胎儿及其胎盘均未产生卡氏肺孢子虫扩增子。因此，大鼠出生后几乎立即就会感染卡氏肺孢子虫，胎盘传播即便发生也极为罕见。
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