请注意：对正负刺激的皮层电反应。

May I have your attention, please: electrocortical responses to positive and negative stimuli.

作者信息

Smith N Kyle, Cacioppo John T, Larsen Jeff T, Chartrand Tanya L

机构信息

Department of Psychology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Phillips Hall, Delaware, OH 43015, USA.

出版信息

Neuropsychologia. 2003;41(2):171-83. doi: 10.1016/s0028-3932(02)00147-1.

DOI:10.1016/s0028-3932(02)00147-1

PMID:12459215

Abstract

Previous research has shown that negative stimuli elicit more attention than do positive stimuli. However, this research has relied on response-based measures to assess attention. The current research uses the P1 component of the event-related brain potential (ERP) as a proximal index of attention allocation to valenced stimuli. In two studies, P1 amplitude was measured while participants evaluated positive and negative pictures. In both studies, principal components analysis showed that P1 amplitudes to frequent stimuli and to rare negative stimuli were larger than P1 amplitudes to rare positive stimuli. This is (a) evidence for the extremely rapid (<120 ms) differentiation of positive and negative stimuli and (b) process-based evidence for a negativity bias in attention allocation.

摘要

先前的研究表明，负面刺激比正面刺激更能吸引注意力。然而，这项研究依赖基于反应的测量方法来评估注意力。当前的研究使用事件相关脑电位（ERP）的P1成分作为对具有效价的刺激进行注意力分配的近端指标。在两项研究中，当参与者评估正面和负面图片时，测量了P1波幅。在两项研究中，主成分分析表明，对频繁出现的刺激和罕见的负面刺激的P1波幅大于对罕见的正面刺激的P1波幅。这是（a）正面和负面刺激极快速（<120毫秒）区分的证据，以及（b）基于过程的注意力分配中负性偏向的证据。