Koorengevel Kathelijne M, Beersma Domien G M, Den Boer Johan A, Van Den Hoofdakker Rutger H
Department of Psychiatry and Zoological Laboratory, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
J Sleep Res. 2002 Dec;11(4):347-56. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2869.2002.00319.x.
The majority of winter-type seasonal affective disorder (SAD) patients complain of hypersomnia and daytime drowsiness. As human sleep is regulated by the interaction of circadian, ultradian and homeostatic processes, sleep disturbances may be caused by either one of these factors. The present study focuses on homeostatic and ultradian aspects of sleep regulation in SAD. Sleep was recorded polysomnographically in seven SAD patients and matched controls subjected to a 120-h forced desynchrony protocol. In time isolation, subjects were exposed to six 20-h days, each comprising a 6.5-h period for sleep. Patients participated while being depressed, while remitted after light therapy and in summer. Controls were studied in winter and in summer. In each condition, the data of each subject were averaged across all recordings. Thus, the influence of the effects of the circadian pacemaker on sleep was excluded mathematically. The comparison of patients with controls and with themselves in the various conditions revealed no abnormalities in homeostatic parameters: sleep stage variables, relative power spectra and time courses of power in various frequency bands across the first three non-rapid eye movement-rapid eye movement (NREM-REM) cycles showed no differences. The data suggest that homeostatic processes are not involved in the disturbance of sleep in SAD.
大多数冬季型季节性情感障碍（SAD）患者抱怨存在嗜睡和日间困倦的问题。由于人类睡眠受昼夜节律、超昼夜节律和稳态过程相互作用的调节，睡眠障碍可能由这些因素中的任何一个引起。本研究聚焦于SAD患者睡眠调节的稳态和超昼夜节律方面。对7名SAD患者和匹配的对照组进行多导睡眠图记录，使其接受120小时的强制失同步方案。在时间隔离状态下，受试者经历六个20小时的时间段，每个时间段包含6.5小时的睡眠时间。患者在抑郁状态下、接受光疗后缓解以及夏季时参与研究。对照组在冬季和夏季进行研究。在每种情况下，将每个受试者在所有记录中的数据进行平均。因此，从数学上排除了昼夜节律起搏器对睡眠影响的干扰。将患者与对照组以及患者在不同状态下自身进行比较，结果显示稳态参数没有异常：在前三个非快速眼动 - 快速眼动（NREM - REM）周期中，睡眠阶段变量、相对功率谱以及不同频段功率的时间进程均无差异。数据表明，稳态过程与SAD患者的睡眠障碍无关。
