Golden Neville H
Schneider Children's Hospital, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, USA.
Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2002 Jan-Mar;14(1):9-17. doi: 10.1515/ijamh.2002.14.1.9.
The number of women participating in organized sports has increased dramatically over the past 30 years. The female athlete triad is a condition seen with increasing frequency in young athletes and is characterized by the triad of amenorrhea, disordered eating and osteoporosis. The triad is caused by an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure and can be associated with significant medical morbidity. It occurs most frequently in sports emphasizing a lean appearance. Early recognition and intervention are essential. In an adolescent athlete, amenorrhea should be considered an indicator of a potential problem and should not simply be attributed to a consequence of training. The athlete should be evaluated for an underlying eating disorder and tested for osteoporosis. Principles of treatment include reducing the intensity of training until menses resume, increasing caloric intake, ensuring adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, encouraging weight-bearing exercise where appropriate, and consideration of hormone replacement therapy. Prevention, through education will help ensure the health and safety of young female athletes.
在过去30年中，参与有组织体育运动的女性人数急剧增加。女性运动员三联征在年轻运动员中越来越常见，其特征为闭经、饮食失调和骨质疏松三联征。该三联征是由能量摄入与能量消耗之间的失衡引起的，可能伴有严重的发病情况。它最常发生在强调瘦体型的运动项目中。早期识别和干预至关重要。在青少年运动员中，闭经应被视为潜在问题的一个指标，而不应简单地归因于训练的结果。应对运动员进行潜在饮食失调的评估，并检测是否患有骨质疏松症。治疗原则包括降低训练强度直至月经恢复、增加热量摄入、确保充足的钙和维生素D摄入、在适当情况下鼓励负重运动以及考虑激素替代疗法。通过教育进行预防将有助于确保年轻女性运动员的健康和安全。
