Blaak Ellen E, Saris Wim H M
Department of Human Biology, Nutrition Research Centre, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Dec;16(4):667-78. doi: 10.1053/beem.2002.0226.
Regular physical exercise is of the utmost importance in the treatment of obesity because exercise is one of the factors determining long-term weight maintenance in weight reduction programmes and because exercise has been associated with a reduced risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Obesity is associated with an impaired utilization of fat as a fuel during post-absorptive conditions, during beta-adrenergic stimulation and possibly during exercise, although the latter data are controversial. One of the underlying mechanisms for the positive effect of exercise training in obesity may be related to its effects on fat utilization because exercise training has been shown to increase basal fat oxidation and exercise fat oxidation in lean volunteers. Data on the effect of aerobic exercise training on exercise fat oxidation are controversial, whereas the available data indicate that exercise training may not be able to increase resting fat oxidation or 24-hour fat oxidation in obese subjects. Because disturbed muscle fat oxidation may be a primary event in the aetiology of obesity it is of the utmost importance to obtain more information on how and whether exercise training may be able to compensate for these impairments.
规律的体育锻炼在肥胖治疗中至关重要，因为运动是减肥计划中决定长期体重维持的因素之一，还因为运动与降低患2型糖尿病和心血管疾病的风险相关。肥胖与在吸收后状态、β-肾上腺素能刺激期间以及可能在运动期间脂肪作为燃料的利用受损有关，尽管关于后者的数据存在争议。运动训练对肥胖产生积极影响的潜在机制之一可能与其对脂肪利用的影响有关，因为运动训练已被证明可增加瘦志愿者的基础脂肪氧化和运动时的脂肪氧化。关于有氧运动训练对运动时脂肪氧化影响的数据存在争议，而现有数据表明运动训练可能无法增加肥胖受试者的静息脂肪氧化或24小时脂肪氧化。由于肌肉脂肪氧化紊乱可能是肥胖病因中的一个主要事件，因此获取更多关于运动训练如何以及是否能够弥补这些损伤的信息至关重要。
