Strube Yi Ning J, Beard John L, Ross A Catharine
The Graduate Program in Nutrition and the Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA.
J Nutr. 2002 Dec;132(12):3607-15. doi: 10.1093/jn/132.12.3607.
Iron deficiency and marginal vitamin A (VA) deficiency frequently coexist and affect billions of people, mostly children and women, worldwide. The effects of these micronutrient deficiencies alone and in combination on hematologic, biochemical and molecular indices of iron and VA status were investigated in a 2 x 2 randomized blocked study conducted in growing male Sprague-Dawley rats. From 3-8 wk of age, rats were fed one of four purified diets that were either adequate or restricted in iron (Fe) and adequate or marginal in VA: (+)Fe(+)VA, 20.3 and 0.367 micro g/g, respectively, denoted control diet; (-)Fe(+)VA, 3.34 and 0.405 micro g/g; (+)FeVA(m), 22.2 and 0.051 micro g/g; or (-)FeVA(m), 3.03 and 0.055 micro g/g. Weight-matched rats fed adequate micronutrients were included to control for possible confounding effects of Fe deficiency on growth and feed efficiency. Iron restriction reduced (P < 0.05) weight gain, feed efficiency, blood hemoglobin and hematocrit. Plasma and liver iron and plasma transferrin saturation were reduced by approximately 50%, whereas liver transferrin mRNA and protein and transferrin receptor mRNA were elevated, as was liver ferritin light-chain protein and light-chain mRNA. Liver heavy-chain ferritin mRNA, hemopexin, ceruloplasmin and cellular retinol-binding protein mRNA were not affected by iron or VA restriction. Although marginal VA deficiency did not exacerbate indices of poor iron status during iron deficiency, iron deficiency was associated with lower plasma retinol and elevated liver VA concentrations. These results are consistent with an impaired mobilization of liver retinol during iron deficiency as well as multiple alterations in iron metabolism.
缺铁和边缘性维生素A（VA）缺乏经常同时存在，影响着全球数十亿人，其中大多数是儿童和妇女。在一项对生长中的雄性斯普拉格-道利大鼠进行的2×2随机区组研究中，调查了这些微量营养素缺乏单独及联合对铁和VA状态的血液学、生化和分子指标的影响。从3至8周龄起，给大鼠喂食四种纯化日粮中的一种，这些日粮在铁（Fe）含量上充足或受限，在VA含量上充足或处于边缘水平：（+）Fe（+）VA，分别为20.3和0.367μg/g，称为对照日粮；（-）Fe（+）VA，3.34和0.405μg/g；（+）FeVA（m），22.2和0.051μg/g；或（-）FeVA（m），3.03和0.055μg/g。纳入喂食充足微量营养素的体重匹配大鼠，以控制缺铁对生长和饲料效率可能产生的混杂影响。铁限制降低了（P<0.05）体重增加、饲料效率、血液血红蛋白和血细胞比容。血浆和肝脏铁以及血浆转铁蛋白饱和度降低了约50%，而肝脏转铁蛋白mRNA和蛋白质以及转铁蛋白受体mRNA升高，肝脏铁蛋白轻链蛋白和轻链mRNA也升高。肝脏重链铁蛋白mRNA、血红素结合蛋白、铜蓝蛋白和细胞视黄醇结合蛋白mRNA不受铁或VA限制的影响。虽然边缘性VA缺乏在缺铁期间并未加剧缺铁状态不佳的指标，但缺铁与较低血浆视黄醇和升高的肝脏VA浓度相关。这些结果与缺铁期间肝脏视黄醇动员受损以及铁代谢的多种改变一致。
