Ntanios Fady Y, Homma Yasuhiko, Ushiro Soichiro
SlimFast Foods Company, Medical Department, West Palm Beach, FL 33410, USA.
J Nutr. 2002 Dec;132(12):3650-5. doi: 10.1093/jn/132.12.3650.
The objective of the study was to investigate whether different initial baseline cholesterol levels modulate the efficacy of a spread enriched with plant sterol-esters (PS) in lowering blood cholesterol in a Japanese population consuming their usual diet. Healthy adults with a mean age of 45 y and mean plasma total cholesterol (TC) level of 6.5 mmol/L were recruited to participate in a double-blind trial comprised of a run-in period of 1 wk, followed by two intervention periods of 3 wks in a 2 x 2 crossover design and a post-trial follow-up of 3 wk. Volunteers consumed two spreads, one enriched with PS (12 g/100 g plant sterols) and a control spread not fortified with PS. Recommended spread intake was 15 g/d. Effects on plasma lipids, lipoproteins, beta-carotene and vitamins A and E were assessed. Plasma TC and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations were 5.8 and 9.1% lower, respectively, when subjects consumed the PS spread than when they consumed the control spread (P < 0.001). Subjects were divided into two groups [normal and mildly cholesterolemic (TC <5.7 mmol/L) and hypercholesterolemic (TC >/= 5.7 mmol/L)]. Reductions (P < 0.001) in TC and LDL-C due to treatment in the former group were 4.9 and 7.9%, respectively. In the hypercholesterolemic group, the reductions (P < 0.001) were 7.1 and 10.6%, respectively. The decreases did not differ between normal/mildly cholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic subjects. Plasma apolipoprotein B (apoB) and remnant-like particle (RLP) cholesterol (RLP-C) concentrations were lower when subjects consumed the PS spread (44.3 g/L) than the control spread (49.7 g/L). Plasma beta-carotene concentration was lower (P < 0.001) in subjects consuming the PS spread than in the control. Changes in plasma vitamins A and E levels did not differ after intake of the PS and control spreads. In conclusion, consumption of a PS-enriched spread effectively lowered plasma TC, LDL-C, apoB and RLP-C regardless of baseline plasma TC at an intake of 1.8 g/d of plant sterols.
本研究的目的是调查在食用日常饮食的日本人群中，不同的初始基线胆固醇水平是否会调节富含植物甾醇酯（PS）的涂抹酱在降低血液胆固醇方面的功效。招募了平均年龄45岁、平均血浆总胆固醇（TC）水平为6.5 mmol/L的健康成年人，参与一项双盲试验，该试验包括1周的导入期，随后是采用2×2交叉设计的两个3周干预期以及3周的试验后随访。志愿者食用两种涂抹酱，一种富含PS（12 g/100 g植物甾醇），另一种是未添加PS的对照涂抹酱。推荐的涂抹酱摄入量为15 g/天。评估了对血浆脂质、脂蛋白、β-胡萝卜素以及维生素A和E的影响。与食用对照涂抹酱相比，受试者食用PS涂抹酱时血浆TC和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）浓度分别降低了5.8%和9.1%（P<0.001）。受试者被分为两组[正常和轻度胆固醇血症（TC<5.7 mmol/L）组以及高胆固醇血症（TC≥5.7 mmol/L）组]。前一组因治疗导致的TC和LDL-C降低（P<0.001）分别为4.9%和7.9%。在高胆固醇血症组中，降低幅度（P<0.001）分别为7.1%和10.6%。正常/轻度胆固醇血症和高胆固醇血症受试者之间的降低幅度没有差异。与对照涂抹酱（49.7 g/L）相比，受试者食用PS涂抹酱（44.3 g/L）时血浆载脂蛋白B（apoB）和残留样颗粒（RLP）胆固醇（RLP-C）浓度更低。食用PS涂抹酱的受试者血浆β-胡萝卜素浓度低于对照（P<0.001）。摄入PS涂抹酱和对照涂抹酱后，血浆维生素A和E水平的变化没有差异。总之，在每日摄入1.8 g植物甾醇的情况下，食用富含PS的涂抹酱能有效降低血浆TC、LDL-C、apoB和RLP-C，而与基线血浆TC无关。
