Lee Hamilton, Martin David T, Anson Judith M, Grundy Damian, Hahn Allan G
J Sports Sci. 2002 Dec;20(12):1001-8. doi: 10.1080/026404102321011760.
The aims of this study were to compare the physiological and anthropometric characteristics of successful mountain bikers and professional road cyclists and to re-examine the power-to-weight characteristics of internationally competitive mountain bikers. Internationally competitive cyclists (seven mountain bikers and seven road cyclists) completed the following tests: anthropometric measurements, an incremental cycle ergometer test and a 30 min laboratory time-trial. The mountain bikers were lighter (65.3+/-6.5 vs 74.7+/-3.8 kg, P= 0.01; mean +/- s) and leaner than the road cyclists (sum of seven skinfolds: 33.9+/-5.7 vs 44.5+/-10.8 mm, P = 0.04). The mountain bikers produced higher power outputs relative to body mass at maximal exercise (6.3+/-0.5 vs 5.8+/-0.3 W x kg(-1), P= 0.03), at the lactate threshold (5.2+/-0.6 vs 4.7+/-0.3 W x kg(-1), P= 0.048) and during the 30 min time-trial (5.5+/-0.5 vs 4.9+/-0.3 W x kg(-1), P = 0.02). Similarly, peak oxygen uptake relative tobody mass was higher in the mountain bikers (78.3+/-4.4 vs 73.0+/-3.4 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1), P = 0.03). The results indicate that high power-to-weight characteristics are important for success in mountain biking. The mountain bikers possessed similar anthropometric and physiological characteristics to previously studied road cycling uphill specialists.
本研究的目的是比较成功的山地自行车运动员和职业公路自行车运动员的生理和人体测量学特征，并重新审视国际竞技水平的山地自行车运动员的功率重量比特征。国际竞技水平的自行车运动员（7名山地自行车运动员和7名公路自行车运动员）完成了以下测试：人体测量、递增式自行车测力计测试和30分钟的实验室计时赛。山地自行车运动员比公路自行车运动员体重更轻（65.3±6.5 vs 74.7±3.8 kg，P = 0.01；均值±标准差）且体脂更少（七处皮褶厚度之和：33.9±5.7 vs 44.5±10.8 mm，P = 0.04）。在最大运动强度时（6.3±0.5 vs 5.8±0.3 W·kg⁻¹，P = 0.03）、乳酸阈时（5.2±0.6 vs 4.7±0.3 W·kg⁻¹，P = 0.048）以及30分钟计时赛期间（5.5±0.5 vs 4.9±0.3 W·kg⁻¹，P = 0.02），山地自行车运动员相对于体重产生的功率输出更高。同样，相对于体重的峰值摄氧量在山地自行车运动员中也更高（78.3±4.4 vs 73.0±3.4 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹，P = 0.03）。结果表明，高功率重量比特征对于山地自行车运动的成功很重要。山地自行车运动员拥有与先前研究的公路自行车爬坡专家相似的人体测量学和生理学特征。
