Fischer O A, Matlova L, Bartl J, Dvorska L, Svastova P, du Maine R, Melicharek I, Bartos M, Pavlik I
Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62132 Brno, Czech Republic.
Vet Microbiol. 2003 Feb 25;91(4):325-38. doi: 10.1016/s0378-1135(02)00302-4.
The objective of the study was to define the role of earthworms in the survival of mycobacteria in animal populations. In 13 sampling sites mycobacteria were detected in 53 (5.5%) samples of faeces and parenchymatous tissues from animals, in 25 (7.3%) environmental and in nine (8.2%) earthworm samples. In cattle and goat farms affected by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (M. paratuberculosis) of IS900 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) type B-C1 was isolated from 37 (4.6%) faecal samples, three (1.4%) environmental and one (3.1%) earthworm sample. Investigations of aviaries affected by avian tuberculosis detected M. avium of genotype IS901+ and IS1245+ in six (7.9%) bird's faecal and in four (4.4%) environmental samples. M. avium (genotype IS901- and IS1245+) was detected in four (4.4%) and M. abscessus in one (1.1%) environmental sample. M. avium of genotype IS901- and IS1245+ and M. gastri were isolated from three (6.4%) earthworm samples. In pig farm with mycobacteriosis M. avium of genotype IS901- and IS1245+ was detected in five (20.0%) faecal samples from pigs and in four (12.9%) environmental samples. M. scrofulaceum was isolated in one (4.6%) sample of Lumbricus rubellus. In laboratory experiments identical RFLP types of M. paratuberculosis were isolated from bodies and faeces of earthworms 1-2 days after the last contact with the faeces contaminated with the same RFLP type of M. paratuberculosis. The results suggest that earthworms may become vectors of mycobacteria.
该研究的目的是确定蚯蚓在动物群体中分枝杆菌存活方面的作用。在13个采样点，从动物的53份（5.5%）粪便和实质组织样本、25份（7.3%）环境样本以及9份（8.2%）蚯蚓样本中检测到了分枝杆菌。在受鸟分枝杆菌副结核亚种（副结核分枝杆菌）影响的牛场和山羊场，从37份（4.6%）粪便样本、3份（1.4%）环境样本和1份（3.1%）蚯蚓样本中分离出了IS900限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）B - C1型的副结核分枝杆菌。对受禽结核病影响的鸟舍进行调查时，在6份（7.9%）鸟类粪便样本和4份（4.4%）环境样本中检测到了基因型为IS901 +和IS1245 +的鸟分枝杆菌。在4份（4.4%）环境样本中检测到了基因型为IS901 -和IS1245 +的鸟分枝杆菌，在1份（1.1%）环境样本中检测到了脓肿分枝杆菌。从3份（6.4%）蚯蚓样本中分离出了基因型为IS901 -和IS1245 +的鸟分枝杆菌以及胃分枝杆菌。在患有分枝杆菌病的猪场，从猪的5份（20.0%）粪便样本和4份（12.9%）环境样本中检测到了基因型为IS901 -和IS1245 +的鸟分枝杆菌。在1份（4.6%）红色正蚓样本中分离出了瘰疬分枝杆菌。在实验室实验中，在蚯蚓最后一次接触被相同RFLP类型的副结核分枝杆菌污染的粪便1 - 2天后，从蚯蚓的身体和粪便中分离出了相同RFLP类型的副结核分枝杆菌。结果表明，蚯蚓可能成为分枝杆菌的传播媒介。
