Vreeland Russell H, Straight Scott, Krammes Jessica, Dougherty Kevin, Rosenzweig William D, Kamekura Masahiro
Department of Biology, West Chester University of Pennsylvania, West Chester, PA 19383, USA.
Extremophiles. 2002 Dec;6(6):445-52. doi: 10.1007/s00792-002-0278-3. Epub 2002 Aug 13.
A halophilic archaeon has been isolated from unsterilized salt crystals taken from the 250-million-year-old Salado formation in southeastern New Mexico. This microorganism grows only on defined media supplemented with either a combination of acetate and glycerol, glycerol and pyruvate, or pyruvate alone. The archaeon is unable to grow on complex media or to use carbohydrates, amino acids, fats, proteins, or nucleic acids for growth. Unlike other halophilic microbes, this organism possesses four glycolipids, two of which may be novel. The microbe is unique in that it has three dissimilar 16S rRNA genes. Two of the three genes show only 97% similarity to one another, while the third gene possesses only 92%-93% similarity to the other two. Inferred phylogenies indicate that the organism belongs to a deep branch in the line of Haloarcula and Halorhabdus. All three lines of taxonomic evidence: phenotype, lipid patterns, and phylogeny, support creation of a new genus and species within the halophilic Archaea. The name suggested for this new genus and species is Halosimplex carlsbadense. The type strain is 2-9-1(T) (= ATCC BAA-75 and JCM 11222) as written in the formal description.
一种嗜盐古菌是从新墨西哥州东南部有2.5亿年历史的萨拉多组未灭菌盐晶体中分离出来的。这种微生物仅在添加了醋酸盐和甘油、甘油和丙酮酸或仅丙酮酸的特定培养基上生长。该古菌无法在复杂培养基上生长，也不能利用碳水化合物、氨基酸、脂肪、蛋白质或核酸进行生长。与其他嗜盐微生物不同，这种生物体拥有四种糖脂，其中两种可能是新的。这种微生物的独特之处在于它有三个不同的16S rRNA基因。三个基因中的两个彼此之间只有97%的相似性，而第三个基因与其他两个基因的相似性仅为92%-93%。推断的系统发育表明该生物体属于嗜盐嗜盐碱杆菌属和嗜盐嗜碱球菌属谱系中的一个深分支。分类学的所有三条证据线：表型、脂质模式和系统发育，都支持在嗜盐古菌中创建一个新的属和种。为这个新属和种建议的名称是卡尔斯巴德嗜盐单胞菌。在正式描述中，模式菌株为2-9-1(T)（=ATCC BAA-75和JCM 11222）。
