Armstrong B
Int J Cancer. 1976 Feb 15;17(2):204-11. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910170209.
Breast cancer incidence and mortality in England and Wales and the United States increased between 1950 and 1973, mainly in women aged between 45 and 64 years. These increases appeared to be partly cohort-specific, beginning with cohorts born around 1899, and partly cross-sectional, beginning in the mid-1960s. In both countries, cohort-specific decreases in fertility paralleled the cohort-specific increases in breast cancer rates and may, at least in part, have been responsible for them. Changes in other factors, such as age at menarche and menopause, use of rauwolfia derivatives and oestrogens, consumption of fat and meat, and breast cancer treatment were considered in relation to the cross-sectional increases in breast cancer rates. On the evidence available, it was not certain that any of these could explain the breast cancer increases.
1950年至1973年间，英格兰、威尔士以及美国的乳腺癌发病率和死亡率有所上升，主要发生在45岁至64岁的女性群体中。这些增长似乎部分具有特定队列特征，始于1899年左右出生的队列，部分具有横断面特征，始于20世纪60年代中期。在这两个国家，特定队列生育率的下降与特定队列乳腺癌发病率的上升并行，并且可能至少在一定程度上导致了这种情况。还考虑了其他因素的变化，如初潮年龄和绝经年龄、萝芙木衍生物和雌激素的使用、脂肪和肉类的消费以及乳腺癌治疗等与乳腺癌发病率的横断面增长之间的关系。根据现有证据，不确定这些因素中的任何一个能否解释乳腺癌发病率的上升。
