Lindström M, Moghaddassi M, Merlo J
Department of Community Medicine, University Hospital MAS, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2003 Jan;57(1):23-8. doi: 10.1136/jech.57.1.23.
To investigate the influence of social capital and individual factors on the level of leisure time physical inactivity in the neighbourhoods.
The public health survey in Malmö 1994 is a cross sectional study. A total of 5600 people aged 20-80 years were invited to answer a postal questionnaire. The participation rate was 71%. A multilevel logistic regression model, with individuals at the first level and neighbourhoods at the second, was performed. The effect (intra-area correlation, cross level modification, and odds ratios) was analysed of individual and neighbourhood (the 1993 migration out of an area as a proxy for social capital) factors on leisure time physical inactivity after adjustment for individual factors.
Neighbourhood factors accounted for 5.0% of the crude total variance in physical inactivity. This effect was significantly reduced when the individual factors, especially country of origin, education, and social participation, were included in the model. In contrast, it was not reduced by the introduction of the contextual social capital variable.
This study suggests that in the neighbourhoods of Malmö leisure time physical inactivity is mainly affected by individual factors.
探讨社会资本和个体因素对社区居民休闲时间身体活动不足水平的影响。
1994年马尔默市的公共卫生调查是一项横断面研究。共邀请了5600名年龄在20至80岁之间的人通过邮寄问卷进行回答。参与率为71%。采用多层次逻辑回归模型，第一层次为个体，第二层次为社区。在对个体因素进行调整后，分析个体和社区因素（以1993年迁出某地区作为社会资本的替代指标）对休闲时间身体活动不足的影响（区域内相关性、跨层次修正和比值比）。
社区因素占身体活动不足原始总方差的5.0%。当模型纳入个体因素，尤其是原籍国、教育程度和社会参与度时，这种影响显著降低。相比之下，引入背景社会资本变量并没有使其降低。
本研究表明，在马尔默市的社区中，休闲时间身体活动不足主要受个体因素影响。
