Saillenfait A M, Gallissot F, Morel G, Bonnet P
Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, 54501 Vandoeuvre, France.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2003 Mar;41(3):415-29. doi: 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00231-4.
The developmental toxicities of ethylbenzene, o-, m-, p-xylene and technical xylene were studied in Sprague-Dawley rats after inhalation exposure. Animals were exposed to either of these agents at 100, 500, 1000 or 2000 ppm, for 6 h/day, during days 6-20 of gestation. All the agents tested caused maternal toxicity expressed as a reduction in maternal body weight gain at 1000 and 2000 ppm. Decreased corrected weight gain and food consumption were observed at 1000 and 2000 ppm ethylbenzene, o-, m- or p-xylene, and at 2000 ppm technical xylene. No evidence of teratogenic effects was found after exposure to any of these agents up to 2000 ppm. Fetal toxicity evidenced by significant decreases in fetal body weights occurred at concentrations of 500 ppm or greater of o-xylene or technical xylene, and 1000 ppm or greater of ethylbenzene, m- or p-xylene. A significant increase in the mean percentage of fetuses per litter with skeletal variations was also noted at 2000 ppm ethylbenzene, o- and p-xylene. In summary, all tested agents produced developmental toxicity at 1000 and 2000 ppm, concentrations that also produced significant maternal toxicity. With o-xylene and technical xylene, developmental toxicity also occurred at 500 ppm, in the absence of maternal toxic effects. However, the only indication of a treatment-related effect was a slight decrease in fetal weight.
在吸入暴露后，研究了乙苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯、对二甲苯和工业用二甲苯对斯普拉格-道利大鼠的发育毒性。在妊娠第6至20天，动物每天6小时暴露于这些试剂中的任何一种，浓度分别为100、500、1000或2000 ppm。所有测试试剂均导致母体毒性，表现为在1000和2000 ppm时母体体重增加减少。在1000和2000 ppm的乙苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯或对二甲苯以及2000 ppm的工业用二甲苯中，观察到校正体重增加和食物摄入量减少。在暴露于高达2000 ppm的任何这些试剂后，未发现致畸作用的证据。当邻二甲苯或工业用二甲苯浓度达到500 ppm或更高，以及乙苯、间二甲苯或对二甲苯浓度达到1000 ppm或更高时，出现胎儿体重显著下降所证明的胎儿毒性。在2000 ppm的乙苯、邻二甲苯和对二甲苯中，每窝胎儿骨骼变异的平均百分比也显著增加。总之，所有测试试剂在1000和2000 ppm时均产生发育毒性，这些浓度也产生显著的母体毒性。对于邻二甲苯和工业用二甲苯，在500 ppm时也会出现发育毒性，且无母体毒性作用。然而，与治疗相关效应的唯一迹象是胎儿体重略有下降。
