Foyer Christine H, Parry Martin, Noctor Graham
Crop Performance and Improvement Division, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, UK.
J Exp Bot. 2003 Jan;54(382):585-93. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erg053.
A key concept underpinning current understanding of the carbon/nitrogen (C/N) interaction in plants is that the capacity for N assimilation is aligned to nutrient availability and requirements by the integrated perception of signals from hormones, nitrate, sugars, organic acids, and amino acids. Studies on the nature and integration of these signals over the last ten years has revealed a complex network of controls brokered by an interplay of C and N signals. These controls not only act to orchestrate the relative rates of C and N assimilation and carbohydrate and amino acid production, but they also have a significant influence on plant development. Amino acids are the hub around which the processes of N assimilation, associated C metabolism, photorespiration, export of organic N from the leaf, and the synthesis of nitrogenous end-products revolve. Since specific major amino acids or their relative ratios are modulated differentially by photorespiration and N assimilation, even though these processes are tightly intermeshed, they are potentially powerful markers for metabolite profiling and metabolomics approaches to the study of plant biology. Moreover, while minor amino acids show marked diurnal rhythms, their contents fluctuate in a co-ordinated manner. It is probable that factors associated with early events and processes in C and N assimilation influence the relative composition of minor amino acids.
当前对植物碳/氮（C/N）相互作用理解的一个关键概念是，氮同化能力通过对激素、硝酸盐、糖、有机酸和氨基酸信号的综合感知，与养分有效性和需求相匹配。过去十年对这些信号的性质和整合的研究揭示了一个由C和N信号相互作用促成的复杂控制网络。这些控制不仅协调C和N同化以及碳水化合物和氨基酸生产的相对速率，而且对植物发育也有重大影响。氨基酸是氮同化、相关碳代谢、光呼吸、叶片中有机氮输出以及含氮终产物合成等过程围绕的核心。由于特定的主要氨基酸或其相对比例受光呼吸和氮同化的差异调节，尽管这些过程紧密交织，但它们可能是用于植物生物学研究的代谢物谱分析和代谢组学方法的有力标记。此外，虽然次要氨基酸表现出明显的昼夜节律，但其含量以协调的方式波动。与C和N同化早期事件和过程相关的因素可能影响次要氨基酸的相对组成。
