Hoeberichts Frank A, Woltering Ernst J
Agrotechnological Research Institute (ATO), Wageningen University and Research Centre, The Netherlands.
Bioessays. 2003 Jan;25(1):47-57. doi: 10.1002/bies.10175.
Programmed cell death (PCD) is a process aimed at the removal of redundant, misplaced, or damaged cells and it is essential to the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms. In contrast to the relatively well-described cell death pathway in animals, often referred to as apoptosis, mechanisms and regulation of plant PCD are still ill-defined. Several morphological and biochemical similarities between apoptosis and plant PCD have been described, including DNA laddering, caspase-like proteolytic activity, and cytochrome c release from mitochondria. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have emerged as important signals in the activation of plant PCD. In addition, several plant hormones may exert their respective effects on plant PCD through the regulation of ROS accumulation. The possible plant PCD regulators discussed in this review are integrated in a model that combines plant-specific regulators with mechanisms functionally conserved between animals and plants.
程序性细胞死亡（PCD）是一个旨在清除多余、错位或受损细胞的过程，对于多细胞生物体的发育和维持至关重要。与动物中描述相对详尽的细胞死亡途径（常称为细胞凋亡）不同，植物PCD的机制和调控仍不明确。已经描述了细胞凋亡与植物PCD之间的一些形态学和生化相似性，包括DNA梯状条带、类半胱天冬酶蛋白水解活性以及线粒体中细胞色素c的释放。活性氧（ROS）已成为激活植物PCD的重要信号。此外，几种植物激素可能通过调节ROS积累对植物PCD发挥各自的作用。本综述中讨论的可能的植物PCD调节因子被整合到一个模型中，该模型将植物特异性调节因子与动植物之间功能保守的机制结合在一起。
