Joshi Sadhana, Garole Varsha, Daware Mahadeo, Girigosavi Subhash, Rao Shobha
Biometry and Nutrition Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India.
Metabolism. 2003 Jan;52(1):13-8. doi: 10.1053/meta.2003.50010.
Epidemiologic studies indicate that undernutrition during fetal growth can have long-term effects on adult health. However, it is not known whether these effects are also associated with maternal undernutrition before conception. The objective of the present study was to examine the effect of dietary restriction before pregnancy on the vital organs and blood parameters of offspring at different time points. Wistar female rats in the restricted group were fed a diet consisting of 80 g protein/kg for 8 weeks before pregnancy and switched to 160 g protein/kg (control) from day 0 of pregnancy, while animals from the control group were fed 160 g protein/kg throughout life. The progeny were studied at birth (n = 71), at 94 days (n = 20), and at 180 days (n = 16). Weight gain during pregnancy was significantly lower (P <.01) for dams in the restricted group. At birth, relative weight for brain was lower (P </=.008), while for kidney it was higher (P </=.008) in the restricted group compared to control. At 94 days, the relative weights of brain, liver, and heart were lower (P </=.01 for all) in the restricted group than in the control group. However, at 180 days, only liver and kidney showed lower (P </=.01 for both) relative weights. Further, in the restricted group, increases in blood glucose at 94 days and in cholesterol at 180 days were significant (P <.01 for both) in the offspring. The results thus indicate that maternal undernutrition before conception not only affected growth of vital organs, but also resulted in increased levels of glucose and cholesterol in the offspring at adulthood.
流行病学研究表明，胎儿生长期间的营养不良会对成年人健康产生长期影响。然而，尚不清楚这些影响是否也与受孕前母亲的营养不良有关。本研究的目的是在不同时间点检查孕前饮食限制对后代重要器官和血液参数的影响。限制组的Wistar雌性大鼠在怀孕前8周喂食含80克蛋白质/千克的饮食，并从怀孕第0天起改为160克蛋白质/千克（对照组），而对照组的动物终生喂食160克蛋白质/千克。在出生时（n = 71）、94天时（n = 20）和180天时（n = 16）对后代进行研究。限制组母鼠孕期体重增加显著较低（P <.01）。出生时，与对照组相比，限制组大脑相对重量较低（P ≤.008），而肾脏相对重量较高（P ≤.008）。在94天时，限制组大脑、肝脏和心脏的相对重量低于对照组（所有P ≤.01）。然而，在180天时，只有肝脏和肾脏的相对重量较低（两者P ≤.01）。此外，在限制组中，后代在94天时血糖升高以及在180天时胆固醇升高均具有显著性（两者P <.01）。因此，结果表明受孕前母亲的营养不良不仅影响重要器官的生长，还导致成年后代的血糖和胆固醇水平升高。
