Dykes M, McGhie A
Br J Psychiatry. 1976 Jan;128:50-6. doi: 10.1192/bjp.128.1.50.
Frequent references have been made to the similarities between highly creative and psychotic thinking. This study attempts to test the hypothesis that one explanation for such a correspondence lies in the fact that individuals in both these populations habitually employ common attentional strategies which cause them to sample an unusually wide range of available environmental stimuli. A group of highly creative adults and a group of equally intelligent but low creative adults were compared with a group of acute non-paranoid schizophrenic adults on three tests designed to assess attentional and other cognitive styles. The results offer support to the view that both highly creative and schizophrenic individuals habitually sample a wider range of available environmental input than do less creative individuals. In the case of the schizophrenic this involuntary widening of attention tends to have a deleterious effect on performance, while, in contrast, the highly creative individual is more able to successfully process the greater input without this incurring a performance deficit.
人们经常提到高创造力思维和精神病性思维之间的相似性。本研究试图验证这样一种假设，即这种对应关系的一种解释在于，这两类人群中的个体习惯性地采用共同的注意力策略，这使得他们能够对范围异常广泛的可用环境刺激进行采样。一组高创造力的成年人和一组智力相当但创造力低的成年人，与一组急性非偏执型精神分裂症成年人在三项旨在评估注意力和其他认知风格的测试中进行了比较。结果支持了这样一种观点，即高创造力个体和精神分裂症个体习惯性地比创造力较低的个体对范围更广的可用环境输入进行采样。就精神分裂症患者而言，这种注意力的非自愿拓宽往往会对表现产生有害影响，而相比之下，高创造力个体更能够成功处理更多的输入信息，而不会导致表现下降。
