Sweetwood H L, Kripke D F, Grant I, Yager J, Gerst M S
Psychosom Med. 1976 Nov-Dec;38(6):373-8. doi: 10.1097/00006842-197611000-00002.
Sleep disturbance was studied in relation to psychiatric and physical symptoms for 214 male psychiatric outpatients and 248 male nonpatients. Our self-report instrument required that subjects describe the frequency of symptoms precisely on a five-point scale from "every day" to "not at all." Percentages are based on the numbers of subjects reporting a symptom as occurring "every day" or "several times a week." More patients reported sleep disturbance symptoms (75%) than nonpatients (25%) (P less than 0.001). Sleep loss symptoms were reported by 63% of patients and 20% of nonpatients. Twelve percent of patients and 6% of nonpatients reported trouble with excessive sleep problems. Sleep disturbance was not strongly related to specific diagnoses. Fewer schizophrenics (21%) than other patients (50%) reported trouble "falling asleep" (P less than 0.02). Finally, for both patients and controls, disturbed sleepers reported more psychiatric and physical symptoms than undisturbed sleepers (P less than 0.001). It is suggested that sleep disturbance might be a useful clinical clue to previously unsuspected psychiatric and physical illness.
对214名男性精神科门诊患者和248名男性非患者的睡眠障碍与精神症状和身体症状的关系进行了研究。我们的自我报告工具要求受试者在从“每天”到“根本没有”的五点量表上精确描述症状的频率。百分比基于报告症状为“每天”或“一周几次”出现的受试者数量。报告睡眠障碍症状的患者（75%）多于非患者（25%）（P<0.001）。63%的患者和20%的非患者报告有失眠症状。12%的患者和6%的非患者报告有睡眠过多问题。睡眠障碍与特定诊断的相关性不强。报告“入睡困难”的精神分裂症患者（21%）少于其他患者（50%）（P<0.02）。最后，对于患者和对照组，睡眠障碍者报告的精神症状和身体症状均多于睡眠正常者（P<0.001）。研究表明，睡眠障碍可能是先前未被怀疑的精神疾病和身体疾病的有用临床线索。
