Puliafito E, Guevara M, Puliafito C
Instituto para el Estudio del Medio Ambiente (IEMA), Universidad de Mendoza, Perito Moreno 2397, 5501 Godoy Cruz, Mendoza, Argentina.
Environ Pollut. 2003;122(1):105-17. doi: 10.1016/s0269-7491(02)00278-6.
Keeping the air quality acceptable has become an important task for decision makers as well as for non-governmental organizations. Particulate and gaseous emissions of pollutant from industries and auto-exhausts are responsible for rising discomfort, increasing airway diseases, decreasing productivity and the deterioration of artistic and cultural patrimony in urban centers. A model to determine the air quality in urban areas using a geographical information system will be presented here. This system permits the integration, handling, analysis and simulation of spatial and temporal data of the ambient concentration of the main pollutant. It allows the users to characterize and recognize areas with a potential increase or improvement in its air pollution situation. It is also possible to compute past or present conditions by changing basic input information as traffic flow, or stack emission rates. Additionally the model may be used to test the compliance of local standard air quality, to study the environmental impact of new industries or to determine the changes in the conditions when the vehicle circulation is increased.
对于决策者和非政府组织而言，保持空气质量达标已成为一项重要任务。工业和汽车尾气排放的污染物颗粒和气态物质，导致城市中心地区人们的不适感加剧、呼吸道疾病增多、生产力下降以及艺术和文化遗产遭到破坏。本文将介绍一种利用地理信息系统确定城市空气质量的模型。该系统能够整合、处理、分析和模拟主要污染物环境浓度的时空数据。它能让用户识别和界定空气污染状况可能加剧或改善的区域。通过改变诸如交通流量或烟囱排放率等基本输入信息，还可以计算过去或当前的状况。此外，该模型可用于检验当地空气质量标准的合规情况、研究新产业对环境的影响，或确定车辆流通量增加时环境状况的变化。
