Haenszel W, Kurihara M, Locke F B, Shimuzu K, Segi M
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1976 Feb;56(2):265-74. doi: 10.1093/jnci/56.2.265.
A study of 783 patients with stomach cancer and 1,566 hospital controls in Hiroshima and Miyagi prefectures of Japan showed that farmers, representing mostly the lowest socioeconomic class, had higher risk of developing stomach cancer. The usual inverse gradient in risk by social class was in the urban population of Miyagi, but not Hiroshima, prefecture. The study in Japan did not reproduce the association of stomach cancer with consumption of salted/dried fish and salt-pickled vegetables described for the Hawaiian Japanese. Salted/dried fish and pickled vegetables were more widely used by farmers than by nonfarmers in Japan or by Japanese migrants to Hawaii. The ability to detect associations for these typical Japanese foods in Hawaii stemmed from the fact that these reduced levels of use were more completely expressed by the Hawaiian-Japanese controls than by patients. The lower risk of developing stomach cancer for lettuce and celery users agreed with the Hawaiian-Japanese findings, and the combined results supported conjectures on possible protective food effects. Lettuce, in particular, warranted attention from this viewpoint, since similar findings have been consistently reported.
一项针对日本广岛和宫城县783名胃癌患者及1566名医院对照者的研究表明，主要代表社会经济最底层的农民患胃癌的风险更高。社会阶层与风险之间通常的反向梯度在宫城县的城市人口中存在，但在广岛县不存在。日本的这项研究并未重现夏威夷日裔人群中描述的胃癌与食用咸鱼/鱼干及盐渍蔬菜之间的关联。在日本，农民比非农民或移民到夏威夷的日裔更广泛地食用咸鱼/鱼干和腌菜。在夏威夷能够检测到这些典型日本食物之间的关联，是因为夏威夷日裔对照者比患者更充分地体现了这些食物较低的食用水平。食用生菜和芹菜的人患胃癌风险较低这一结果与夏威夷日裔人群的研究结果一致，综合结果支持了关于食物可能具有保护作用的推测。特别是生菜，从这一角度值得关注，因为一直有类似的研究结果报道。
