Spring Bonnie, Pingitore Regina, McChargue Dennis E
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60607, USA.
Am J Psychiatry. 2003 Feb;160(2):316-22. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.160.2.316.
The study goal was to determine whether schizophrenic and depressed smokers perceive the reinforcement value of cigarette smoking differently from nonpsychiatric smokers who smoke as heavily.
The authors assessed the preferences for smoking cigarettes versus engaging in other pleasant activities, the perceived advantages and disadvantages of smoking, and the amount of reinforcement that would be needed to attain smoking abstinence among 26 schizophrenic, 26 depressed, and 26 nonpsychiatric heavy smokers.
Both schizophrenic and depressed participants chose smoking as their preferred activity more often than nonpsychiatric smokers, and they did not differ from each other. The patients also exceeded the comparison group in the benefits they ascribed to smoking and felt they would require more incentives to quit, but they attributed comparable drawbacks to smoking.
Schizophrenic and depressed smokers recognize many drawbacks associated with smoking, but compared to nonpatients who smoke as heavily, they also perceive more benefits and find cigarettes more appealing than alternative rewards. The heightened reward value of smoking warrants attention in tailoring tobacco control interventions for schizophrenic and depressed smokers.
本研究的目标是确定精神分裂症吸烟者和抑郁症吸烟者对吸烟强化价值的认知是否与重度吸烟的非精神疾病吸烟者有所不同。
作者评估了26名精神分裂症患者、26名抑郁症患者和26名非精神疾病重度吸烟者在吸烟与参与其他愉悦活动之间的偏好、对吸烟利弊的认知，以及实现戒烟所需的强化量。
与非精神疾病吸烟者相比，精神分裂症患者和抑郁症患者更常选择吸烟作为他们偏好的活动，且二者之间无差异。患者在吸烟的益处方面也超过了对照组，并且觉得他们需要更多激励才能戒烟，但他们认为吸烟存在类似的弊端。
精神分裂症吸烟者和抑郁症吸烟者认识到与吸烟相关的许多弊端，但与重度吸烟的非患者相比，他们也认为吸烟有更多益处，并且发现香烟比其他奖励更具吸引力。吸烟的奖励价值增加值得在为精神分裂症吸烟者和抑郁症吸烟者量身定制烟草控制干预措施时予以关注。
